Commodity Origins

What does India produce and export?

India ranks in the top ten producers of 60 commodities: bananas (#1, 27% of world output in 2024), barite (#1, 34% of world output in 2025), chickpeas (#1, 65% of world output in 2024), feldspar (#1, 19% of world output in 2025), ginger (#1, 48% of world output in 2024), mangoes (#1, 45% of world output in 2024) and more. It is a top-ten exporter of barite (#1, 18% of world export value in 2024), lead (#1, 10% of world export value in 2024), pepper (#1, 24% of world export value in 2024), rice (#1, 30% of world export value in 2024), sesame seed (#1, 7.4% of world export value in 2024) and more.

Where india is produced, 2024World map shaded by share of india production in 2024. Darkest: India 100%. 1 producing countries shown.Fiji: no reported productionTanzania: no reported productionWestern Sahara: no reported productionCanada: no reported productionUnited States: no reported productionKazakhstan: no reported productionUzbekistan: no reported productionPapua New Guinea: no reported productionIndonesia: no reported productionArgentina: no reported productionChile: no reported productionDR Congo: no reported productionSomalia: no reported productionKenya: no reported productionSudan: no reported productionChad: no reported productionHaiti: no reported productionDominican Republic: no reported productionRussia: no reported productionBahamas: no reported productionFalkland Isds (Malvinas): no reported productionNorway: no reported productionGreenland: no reported productionFr. South Antarctic Terr.: no reported productionTimor-Leste: no reported productionSouth Africa: no reported productionLesotho: no reported productionMexico: no reported productionUruguay: no reported productionBrazil: no reported productionBolivia: no reported productionPeru: no reported productionColombia: no reported productionPanama: no reported productionCosta Rica: no reported productionNicaragua: no reported productionHonduras: no reported productionEl Salvador: no reported productionGuatemala: no reported productionBelize: no reported productionVenezuela: no reported productionGuyana: no reported productionSuriname: no reported productionFrance: no reported productionEcuador: no reported productionPuerto Rico: no reported productionJamaica: no reported productionCuba: no reported productionZimbabwe: no reported productionBotswana: no reported productionNamibia: no reported productionSenegal: no reported productionMali: no reported productionMauritania: no reported productionBenin: no reported productionNiger: no reported productionNigeria: no reported productionCameroon: no reported productionTogo: no reported productionGhana: no reported productionIvory Coast: no reported productionGuinea: no reported productionGuinea-Bissau: no reported productionLiberia: no reported productionSierra Leone: no reported productionBurkina Faso: no reported productionCentral African Republic: no reported productionRepublic of the Congo: no reported productionGabon: no reported productionEquatorial Guinea: no reported productionZambia: no reported productionMalawi: no reported productionMozambique: no reported productionEswatini: no reported productionAngola: no reported productionBurundi: no reported productionIsrael: no reported productionLebanon: no reported productionMadagascar: no reported productionPalestine: no reported productionGambia: no reported productionTunisia: no reported productionAlgeria: no reported productionJordan: no reported productionUnited Arab Emirates: no reported productionQatar: no reported productionKuwait: no reported productionIraq: no reported productionOman: no reported productionVanuatu: no reported productionCambodia: no reported productionThailand: no reported productionLaos: no reported productionMyanmar: no reported productionVietnam: no reported productionNorth Korea: no reported productionSouth Korea: no reported productionMongolia: no reported productionIndia: 100% (1)Bangladesh: no reported productionBhutan: no reported productionNepal: no reported productionPakistan: no reported productionAfghanistan: no reported productionTajikistan: no reported productionKyrgyzstan: no reported productionTurkmenistan: no reported productionIran: no reported productionSyria: no reported productionArmenia: no reported productionSweden: no reported productionBelarus: no reported productionUkraine: no reported productionPoland: no reported productionAustria: no reported productionHungary: no reported productionMoldova: no reported productionRomania: no reported productionLithuania: no reported productionLatvia: no reported productionEstonia: no reported productionGermany: no reported productionBulgaria: no reported productionGreece: no reported productionTurkey: no reported productionAlbania: no reported productionCroatia: no reported productionSwitzerland: no reported productionLuxembourg: no reported productionBelgium: no reported productionNetherlands: no reported productionPortugal: no reported productionSpain: no reported productionIreland: no reported productionNew Caledonia: no reported productionSolomon Islands: no reported productionNew Zealand: no reported productionAustralia: no reported productionSri Lanka: no reported productionChina: no reported productionTaiwan: no reported productionItaly: no reported productionDenmark: no reported productionUnited Kingdom: no reported productionIceland: no reported productionAzerbaijan: no reported productionGeorgia: no reported productionPhilippines: no reported productionMalaysia: no reported productionBrunei: no reported productionSlovenia: no reported productionFinland: no reported productionSlovakia: no reported productionCzechia: no reported productionEritrea: no reported productionJapan: no reported productionParaguay: no reported productionYemen: no reported productionSaudi Arabia: no reported productionAntarcticaN. CyprusCyprus: no reported productionMorocco: no reported productionEgypt: no reported productionLibya: no reported productionEthiopia: no reported productionDjibouti: no reported productionSomalilandUganda: no reported productionRwanda: no reported productionBosnia and Herzegovina: no reported productionNorth Macedonia: no reported productionSerbia: no reported productionMontenegro: no reported productionKosovoTrinidad and Tobago: no reported productionSouth Sudan: no reported production<0.5%0.5–1%1–2.5%2.5–5%5–10%10–20%≥20%
Share of world production, 2024. Countries with no reported production are unshaded.

Indian agriculture is organized around one weather system. The southwest monsoon arrives in June and retreats by September, and the kharif crops sown into it — rice, cotton, cane — carry the year. The Green Revolution of the late 1960s added semi-dwarf cereal varieties, tubewells, canal irrigation and guaranteed procurement prices, which turned the Indo-Gangetic plain from famine risk into surplus. India grew 27% of the world's rice in 2024 (FAOSTAT) and supplied 30% of world rice export value in 2024 (CEPII BACI). Because rice is also the staple, export policy swings hard: duties and outright bans on non-basmati shipments have been used repeatedly to hold down domestic prices.

Sugar works the same way. Mills in Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra buy cane at a price set by government rather than by the sugar market, so surpluses build up and are cleared by export allowances or diverted into ethanol blending. India produced 20% of the world's sugar in 2023 (FAOSTAT). Cotton, grown mostly rainfed on the black soils of the Deccan and transformed by insect-resistant hybrids after 2002, reached 22% of world production in 2023 (FAOSTAT), feeding a domestic spinning industry rather than leaving as fiber.

The import side reflects what the land does not provide. Oilseed yields have never kept pace with cooking-oil demand, so India buys tropical oil from Indonesia and Malaysia: 19% of world palm oil import value in 2024 (CEPII BACI), the largest share of any country. Domestic oilfields in Rajasthan and offshore Mumbai cover a small part of fuel use, and India took 11% of world crude oil import value in 2024 (CEPII BACI), refining much of it at Jamnagar and re-exporting products.

Household demand for gold as savings and dowry jewelry, met almost entirely from abroad and taxed at the border to manage the trade balance, accounted for 10.0% of world gold import value in 2024 (CEPII BACI).

What does India produce?

Commodities where India is a top-ten producer
CommodityWorld rankShare of worldProductionYearSource
Bananas Fruit & vegetables127%37.6 million t2024FAOSTAT
Barite Metals134%3 million t2025USGS MCS
Chickpeas Grains & cereals165%11 million t2024FAOSTAT
Feldspar Metals119%6 million t2025USGS MCS
Ginger Fruit & vegetables148%2.3 million t2024FAOSTAT
Mangoes Fruit & vegetables145%27.8 million t2024FAOSTAT
Milk Livestock, meat & dairy117%135 million t2024FAOSTAT
Rice Grains & cereals127%217.9 million t2024FAOSTAT
Sesame seed Oilseeds & vegetable oils113%866,111 t2024FAOSTAT
Silk Fibres & other raw materials156%260,000 t2024FAOSTAT
Aluminum Metals25.7%4.2 million t2025USGS MCS
Cardamom Softs227%54,031 t2024FAOSTAT
Cashews Fruit & vegetables219%794,910 t2024FAOSTAT
Coal Energy212%1,084 million tonnes2025Energy Institute
Cotton Fibres & other raw materials222%5.5 million t2023FAOSTAT
Eggs Livestock, meat & dairy29.1%8.1 million t2024FAOSTAT
Honey Livestock, meat & dairy27.9%146,000 t2024FAOSTAT
Jute Fibres & other raw materials238%1.4 million t2024FAOSTAT
Lamb Livestock, meat & dairy211%1.3 million t2024FAOSTAT
Lentils Grains & cereals223%1.8 million t2024FAOSTAT
Peanuts Oilseeds & vegetable oils221%11.9 million t2024FAOSTAT
Pepper Softs214%126,038 t2024FAOSTAT
Plywood Timber & forest products211%12 million m32024faostat_fo
Potatoes Fruit & vegetables215%57.1 million t2024FAOSTAT
Shrimp Seafood214%1.7 million t2024fao_fisheries
Steel Metals28.4%160 million t2025USGS MCS
Sugar Softs220%37 million t2023FAOSTAT
Tea Softs219%6.2 million t2024FAOSTAT
Tobacco Softs212%727,203 t2024FAOSTAT
Tomatoes Fruit & vegetables211%21.3 million t2024FAOSTAT
Wheat Grains & cereals214%113.3 million t2024FAOSTAT
Canola Oilseeds & vegetable oils315%13.3 million t2024FAOSTAT
Coconut oil Oilseeds & vegetable oils318%549,000 t2023FAOSTAT
Fishmeal Seafood36.7%380,789 t2024fao_fisheries
Iron ore Metals312%310 million t2025USGS MCS
Sorghum Grains & cereals38.4%5.4 million t2024FAOSTAT
Chromium Metals45.9%3 million t2025USGS MCS
Zinc Metals46.7%870,000 t2025USGS MCS
Apples Fruit & vegetables52.7%2.6 million t2024FAOSTAT
Bauxite Metals55.7%25 million t2025USGS MCS
Chicken Livestock, meat & dairy53.9%5 million t2024FAOSTAT
Corn Grains & cereals53.3%40.2 million t2024FAOSTAT
Linseed Oilseeds & vegetable oils53.8%112,693 t2024FAOSTAT
Orange juice Fruit & vegetables55.7%3.9 million t2024FAOSTAT
Oranges Fruit & vegetables55.7%3.9 million t2024FAOSTAT
Sawnwood Timber & forest products55.4%24 million m32024faostat_fo
Soybeans Oilseeds & vegetable oils53.8%15.1 million t2024FAOSTAT
Grapes Fruit & vegetables65.1%3.9 million t2024FAOSTAT
Lead Metals64.9%220,000 t2025USGS MCS
Manganese Metals64%790,000 t2025USGS MCS
Natural rubber Fibres & other raw materials65.9%876,000 t2024FAOSTAT
Pineapples Fruit & vegetables65.9%1.7 million t2024FAOSTAT
Rare earths Metals60.7%2,900 t2025USGS MCS
Yams Fruit & vegetables61.1%977,000 t2024FAOSTAT
Coffee Softs73.3%363,000 t2024FAOSTAT
Graphite Metals70.9%17,000 t2025USGS MCS
Logs Timber & forest products92.5%49.9 million m32024faostat_fo
Titanium Metals92.6%240,000 t2025USGS MCS
Silver Metals103.1%800 t2025USGS MCS
Uranium Energy101.9%53.8 terawatt-hours2025Energy Institute

What does India export?

Top 10 India commodity exports, 2024Bar chart of top 10 India commodity exports in 2024: Rice 30%, Aluminum 5.9%, Shrimp 14%, Beef 9.6%, Iron ore 1.8%, Sugar 5.1%, Steel 2.5%, Tobacco 11%, Pepper 24%, Coffee 3.4%; rest of world <0.1%.RiceRice: 30%, $11.9 billion30%AluminumAluminum: 5.9%, $4.7 billion5.9%ShrimpShrimp: 14%, $4.5 billion14%BeefBeef: 9.6%, $3.5 billion9.6%Iron oreIron ore: 1.8%, $2.9 billion1.8%SugarSugar: 5.1%, $2.2 billion5.1%SteelSteel: 2.5%, $1.7 billion2.5%TobaccoTobacco: 11%, $1.5 billion11%PepperPepper: 24%, $1.5 billion24%CoffeeCoffee: 3.4%, $1.1 billion3.4%Rest of worldRest of world: <0.1%, $0<0.1%
India's largest commodity exports by value. Each bar's share is that commodity's share of world trade in it, not its share of India's own exports — the two are unrelated and shown so a bar near 100% marks a commodity India dominates globally rather than one it merely exports a lot of.
Top 10 India commodity exports in 2024
RankCommodityExport value (US$)Share of world
1Rice$11.9 billion30%
2Aluminum$4.7 billion5.9%
3Shrimp$4.5 billion14%
4Beef$3.5 billion9.6%
5Iron ore$2.9 billion1.8%
6Sugar$2.2 billion5.1%
7Steel$1.7 billion2.5%
8Tobacco$1.5 billion11%
9Pepper$1.5 billion24%
10Coffee$1.1 billion3.4%
Rest of world$0<0.1%

India's own tracked-export mix

Unlike the chart above, this treemap sizes each commodity by its share of India's own $44.8 billion of tracked exports, not by world trade. Rice alone is 26% of it. See the full export dependency report for how India compares with other countries.

India's tracked export mix by commodityOther tracked commodities: 38.5%; Rice: 26.5%; Aluminum: 10.4%; Shrimp: 10.1%; Beef: 7.9%; Iron ore: 6.6%.Other tracked commodities: 38.5%Other tracked co…38.5%Rice: 26.5%Rice26.5%Aluminum: 10.4%Aluminum10.4%Shrimp: 10.1%Shrimp10.1%Beef: 7.9%Beef7.9%Iron ore: 6.6%Iron ore6.6%
Commodities where India is a top-ten exporter
CommodityWorld rankShare of world exportsExport valueYear
Barite118%$166.9 million2024
Lead110%$877.2 million2024
Pepper124%$1.5 billion2024
Rice130%$11.9 billion2024
Sesame seed17.4%$581.6 million2024
Sisal139%$268.2 million2024
Cardamom219%$241.8 million2024
Peanuts218%$858.3 million2024
Shrimp214%$4.5 billion2024
Tobacco211%$1.5 billion2024
Feldspar310%$68.8 million2024
Jute37.3%$15.5 million2024
Sugar35.1%$2.2 billion2024
Aluminum45.9%$4.7 billion2024
Beef49.6%$3.5 billion2024
Chickpeas412%$294.2 million2024
Cotton45.3%$916.4 million2024
Honey48.1%$187.1 million2024
Tea411%$843.1 million2024
Ginger56.1%$79.5 million2024
Iron ore51.8%$2.9 billion2024
Lentils54.4%$182.8 million2024
Cinnamon61.7%$14.5 million2024
Cloves71.5%$10 million2024
Linseed72.3%$28.9 million2024
Mangoes73.9%$160.6 million2024
Fishmeal82.9%$271.5 million2024
Bananas92.2%$342.7 million2024
Coffee93.4%$1.1 billion2024
Lamb91%$89.4 million2024
Quinoa91.9%$5.5 million2024
Rhodium91.1%$81.1 million2024
Silk91.2%$4.3 million2024
Titanium93.5%$111.2 million2024
Yams92.6%$6.6 million2024
Zinc94.9%$723.1 million2024
Grapes104.2%$552.7 million2024
Sorghum100.7%$18.4 million2024
Steel102.5%$1.7 billion2024

Top-ten importer of

Sources: FAOSTAT (crops and livestock), USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries (minerals), Energy Institute Statistical Review (energy) for production; CEPII BACI for trade. Ranks count only the commodities on this site.

India commodity by commodity

One page for each commodity where India is a top-five producer or exporter with at least 3% of the world total.

India in the pattern reports

What the cross-commodity reports under Patterns say about India, computed from the same data as this page.

What India uses

India had about 1,438 million people and a food supply of 2,669 kilocalories per person a day in FAO's 2023 food balance sheets. Its eight largest supplies among the commodities tracked there:

Largest domestic supplies of tracked commodities in India, 2023
CommodityDomestic supplyShare of worldkg per personSelf-sufficiencyImported
Milk235 million tonnes22%87 (#80 of 142)100%0.2%
Rice170 million tonnes22%101 (#23 of 141)115%<0.1%
Wheat112 million tonnes13%67 (#78 of 143)100%0.4%
Potatoes59.3 million tonnes16%28 (#79 of 143)101%<0.1%
Bananas36.1 million tonnes27%20 (#17 of 140)101%<0.1%
Corn34.3 million tonnes2.8%6.5 (#89 of 140)110%0.4%
Sugar24.9 million tonnes15%17 (#104 of 143)115%7%
Tomatoes20.3 million tonnes10%13 (#93 of 142)101%0.1%

FAO reports a negative domestic supply for India's yams (−8 thousand tonnes; production 0 tonnes, imports 0 tonnes, exports 8 thousand tonnes); coffee (−45 thousand tonnes; production 333 thousand tonnes, imports 96 thousand tonnes, exports 476 thousand tonnes), meaning exports exceed production plus imports in the year. These are not counted as use and are left out of the table above.

FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets. Per-person rank counts countries of at least 1 million people. See consumption and self-sufficiency.

Who supplies India

How long India's own reserves would last

USGS national reserve figures, rounded. A short national figure usually reflects how little has been proved up, not when mining stops. See country reserve life.

India and critical minerals

India is the largest producer of 1 mineral on a US or EU critical list, each at 20% or more of world output: barite (34%, 2025). Source: the concentration report on USGS, FAOSTAT and Energy Institute production.

One origin supplied more than 65% of its 2024 imports by value on 11 critical-mineral customs lines (the EU's benchmark for strategic raw materials):

Critical-mineral import lines where one origin supplies more than the benchmark share
MineralLargest originShare of imports
UraniumUzbekistan100%
MagnesiumChina99%
FeldsparSouth Africa98%
BismuthChina93%
ChromiumSouth Africa90%
SiliconChina89%
BauxiteGuinea79%
TinIndonesia77%
Rare earthsChina75%
PlatinumUnited Arab Emirates67%

CEPII BACI (bilateral trade by customs line). See supplier exposure.

Downloads and citation

This country's rankings as JSON · PDF summary. Cite as: Commodity Origins, "What does India produce and export?", https://commodityorigins.com/countries/IND/ (CC BY 4.0).

Data updated 22 October 2026.

Report an issue with this page