Whose output is rising or falling fastest?

Among the ten largest producers of each commodity, the fastest ten-year growth is hazelnuts in Chile, +20.3% a year, and the sharpest fall is linseed in Canada at −11.6% a year. Growth is a compound annual rate over the last ten years of data.

To keep this to real shifts, only countries with at least 3% of world output today are considered, and each must have had at least 1.5% of the world total ten years earlier, so a country growing from almost nothing is not counted. Imputed figures are excluded. One row per commodity for growth and one for decline, whichever is largest.

Fastest growth

Fastest ten-year growth in national output
Commodity	Country	A year	Ten years ago	Latest	World share now
Hazelnuts	Chile	+20.3%	11,500 tonnes (2014)	73,274 tonnes (2024)	6%
Natural rubber	Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire)	+18.2%	316,136 tonnes (2014)	1.7 million tonnes (2024)	11%
Eggs	Indonesia	+18.1%	1.2 million tonnes (2014)	6.6 million tonnes (2024)	7.4%
Lentils	Australia	+18.0%	242,100 tonnes (2014)	1.3 million tonnes (2024)	16%
Pistachios	Turkey (Türkiye)	+17.0%	80,000 tonnes (2014)	383,000 tonnes (2024)	28%
Avocados	Colombia	+15.9%	288,739 tonnes (2014)	1.3 million tonnes (2024)	11%
Chickpeas	Australia	+15.1%	555,400 tonnes (2014)	2.3 million tonnes (2024)	13%
Cashews	Tanzania	+15.0%	130,124 tonnes (2014)	528,262 tonnes (2024)	12%
Ginger	India	+13.5%	655,000 tonnes (2014)	2.3 million tonnes (2024)	48%
Shrimp	Ecuador	+13.4%	349,304 tonnes (2014)	1.2 million tonnes (2024)	10%
Canola	Russia	+13.2%	1.3 million tonnes (2014)	4.6 million tonnes (2024)	5.2%
Linseed	Russia	+12.4%	365,088 tonnes (2014)	1.2 million tonnes (2024)	39%
Fishmeal	India	+12.2%	120,000 tonnes (2014)	380,789 tonnes (2024)	6.7%
Pepper	Brazil	+11.4%	42,339 tonnes (2014)	124,925 tonnes (2024)	13%
Almonds	Turkey (Türkiye)	+10.6%	73,230 tonnes (2014)	200,000 tonnes (2024)	5.1%
Cotton	Brazil	+10.0%	1.1 million tonnes (2013)	2.9 million tonnes (2023)	12%
Cocoa	Ecuador	+10.0%	156,216 tonnes (2014)	403,699 tonnes (2024)	7.7%
Oats	Brazil	+9.7%	432,136 tonnes (2014)	1.1 million tonnes (2024)	4.9%

Sharpest decline

Sharpest ten-year decline in national output
Commodity	Country	A year	Ten years ago	Latest	World share now
Linseed	Canada	−11.6%	883,300 tonnes (2014)	257,974 tonnes (2024)	8.6%
Silk	China	−10.9%	465,913 tonnes (2014)	147,000 tonnes (2024)	32%
Oranges	United States	−8.6%	6.1 million tonnes (2014)	2.5 million tonnes (2024)	3.7%
Olive oil	Spain	−7.0%	1.8 million tonnes (2013)	854,001 tonnes (2023)	33%
Sorghum	Mexico	−6.0%	8.4 million tonnes (2014)	4.5 million tonnes (2024)	7%
Oats	Russia	−5.5%	5.3 million tonnes (2014)	3 million tonnes (2024)	13%
Pineapples	Thailand	−5.5%	1.9 million tonnes (2014)	1.1 million tonnes (2024)	3.7%
Canola	Germany	−5.3%	6.2 million tonnes (2014)	3.6 million tonnes (2024)	4.1%
Barley	Ukraine	−5.2%	9 million tonnes (2014)	5.3 million tonnes (2024)	3.7%
Coal	United States	−5.1%	814 million tonnes (2015)	484 million tonnes (2025)	5.3%

FAOSTAT, USGS, Energy Institute and FAO FishStat; latest year against ten years earlier in each source. Crop output swings with weather, so a single year at either end can exaggerate a trend; the yearly series on each commodity page shows the path in between. Official statistics can be revised, and flagged estimates are marked on the commodity pages.

More patterns

Concentration: How much of each commodity comes from one country?
Producer or exporter?: Is the biggest producer also the biggest seller abroad?
Prices in real terms: Which prices are records once inflation is removed?
Linked prices and seasons: Which prices move together, and which have a season?
Reserves and mining: Where are the deposits, and who digs them up?
Supply concentration: Which commodities depend on the fewest suppliers?
Land or yield?: Did output grow because farmers planted more or farmed better?
Supply shocks and prices: When world output falls, do prices rise?
Category price indices: How have energy, metals and food prices moved since 1960?
Drawdowns and volatility: How far do prices fall, and do they recover?
Stocks and prices: Are prices lower when the world holds more stock?
Which prices follow oil?: How closely does each commodity track crude oil?
How reliable is the data?: How much of world output rests on estimates?
Net exporters and importers: Who is a net seller and who a net buyer?
Country leaders: Which countries lead across the most commodities?
Export dependency: Which countries rely on one commodity?
Concentration over time: Has production spread out or narrowed?
Import dependency: Which countries buy most of a commodity from one supplier?
Supplier shifts: Who gained and lost importers' business?
Trade price against benchmark: Does traded product sell above or below the benchmark price?
Prices in other currencies: How much of a price move is the dollar?
Do prices lead each other?: Does one commodity price move before another?
Volatility over time: Are prices more volatile now than they used to be?
Seasonality: Which prices have a calendar-month pattern?
Price ratios: What does one commodity buy of another, and is that high or low?
El Niño and prices: Do El Niño and La Niña years move commodity prices?
Who consumes it: Which countries consume each commodity, and how much per person?
Self-sufficiency: Which large markets depend on imports, and which produce far more than they use?
Trade flows: Who sells each commodity to whom?

Every figure is computed from the same tables as the commodity pages. The full set is in patterns.json, and single facts from it appear each day on the facts page.