This register lists 68 export bans, quotas, licensing rules and related measures on minerals since 2010, each with a source. As of 9 October 2026 the sources show 41 in force, 7 suspended, 4 scheduled but not yet in effect, 9 ended and 7 whose status could not be confirmed. China has the most entries (29).
Each entry gives the date announced, when it took effect, what it covers and what the sources say about its status. A measure that was suspended is listed as suspended, with the date the suspension ends. Status is what the cited sources show on the date in the entry, not a forecast. Where a measure was announced but its current status could not be confirmed, it says so.
2026-09-28 · China · Suspension · Unconfirmed
MOFCOM says Kuala Lumpur arrangement extended to 10 January 2027
On 28 Sep 2026, after the eighth round of China-US economic and trade consultations (20 to 23 Sep 2026), the head of MOFCOM's Department of American and Oceanian Affairs said, in an interpretation of the eighth-round results, that the two sides agreed to extend the Kuala Lumpur joint arrangement, which suspended certain tariff and non-tariff measures until 10 Nov 2026, to 10 Jan 2027, while continuing to discuss the issue. Media reports link this to the rare earth export control suspension.
The extension of the Kuala Lumpur arrangement to 10 Jan 2027 is stated in a MOFCOM department head's interpretation and on the State Council English site (28 Sep 2026). US Treasury Secretary Bessent said on 23 Sep 2026 that the truce, including China's suspension of its October 2025 rare earth controls, runs to 10 Jan 2027. MOFCOM's 2026 announcement index through No. 46 (9 Oct 2026) contains no announcement amending No. 70 or No. 72. Whether it moves the 10 Nov 2026 end date in Announcement 2025 No. 70 or the 27 Nov 2026 end date in No. 72 is unconfirmed: the MOFCOM text does not name them, rawmaterials.net says separate confirmation was pending, and no numbered announcement amending No. 70 or No. 72 was found as of 9 Oct 2026. Some secondary sites (for example Rinnovabili) state the rare earth controls remain suspended to Jan 2027.
Minerals: Rare earths. Other items: The statement refers to certain tariff and non-tariff measures suspended under the Oct 2025 joint arrangement; it does not name export controls, rare earths, Announcement 2025 No. 70 or No. 72.. Sources: MOFCOM (28 Sep 2026); State Council English site (28 Sep 2026); RAWMATERIALS.net; Rinnovabili; Hellenic Shipping News (report of the US Treasury statement).
2026-09-16 · Russia · Quota · In force
Russia introduces a tariff quota on alloyed steel scrap exports
Government Decree 1180 of 16 September 2026 sets a quota of 7,000 t for 26 September to 31 December 2026 and 20,000 t for 2027 on alloyed steel scrap exports to non-EAEU states, with 5 percent duty (minimum EUR 70 per tonne) inside the quota and 5 percent (minimum EUR 290, rising to EUR 490 from 1 November 2026) above it.
Effective 2026-09-26. Alta-Soft, ppt.ru, Interfax (21 Sep 2026) and Investfuture (18 Sep 2026). Interfax says seven days after publication; Alta-Soft and ppt.ru give 26 Sep 2026.
Minerals: Steel. Other items: alloy steel scrap (HS 7204 21 100 0, 7204 21 900 0, 7204 29 000 0). Sources: Alta-Soft; Interfax; Investfuture.
2026-08-20 · Kyrgyzstan · Ban · In force
Kyrgyzstan renews its temporary ban on ferrous scrap exports
Cabinet Resolution 564 of 20 August 2026 (reported 1 September 2026) renews a six-month ban that began in January 2022 and replaced Resolution 117 of 18 February 2026.
Effective 2026-08-31. Resolution 564 of 20 Aug 2026 is listed as in force (published 21 Aug, in force 31 Aug 2026); GMK Center (1 Sep 2026) and Tazabek (22 Aug 2026) report it.
Minerals: Steel. Other items: ferrous scrap, waste and remelting ingots (HS 7204); USGS also lists precious-metal catalysts and waste (2025), not verified. Sources: GMK Center; GMK Center; Spinform legal database.
2026-07-30 · United States · Other · In force
US requires black mass and tungsten scrap sales to stay in the United States
A Presidential Determination of 30 July 2026 under Defense Production Act section 101 covered recoverable critical minerals and materials; a Bureau of Industry and Security temporary final rule (published 6 August 2026) requires US sellers of black mass and tungsten scrap to allocate 100 percent of monthly sales to US persons from 27 August 2026, and the materials may not be exported without BIS authorization. The order expires 27 August 2027 unless extended.
Effective 2026-08-27. Effective 27 Aug 2026 per the Federal Register rule text; US Census/CBP bulletin of 26 Aug 2026 announces export filing requirements from 27 Aug. No amendment found through 9 Oct 2026, but no source dated after 27 Aug 2026 reporting enforcement was found. Comments on adding materials are due 4 Nov 2026. End-of-life magnets, swarf, other scrap and copper scrap are not covered by the order.
Minerals: Tungsten, Lithium, Cobalt, Nickel, Manganese, Graphite. Other items: black mass (shredded lithium-ion battery scrap, Schedule B 8549.13, 8549.14, 8549.19); tungsten waste and scrap (8101.97). Sources: Federal Register (Presidential Determination 2026-19); Federal Register (BIS rule 2026-16078); US Census Bureau / CBP; Baker McKenzie.
2026-07-10 · China · Ban · In force
Temporary ban on helium exports
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2026 No. 29 imposed a temporary export ban on helium from the date of publication, saying later adjustments would be announced separately. At a 16 Jul 2026 press conference MOFCOM said China is a major helium importer and the ban is to ensure domestic supply, and that policy would be adjusted with changes in supply and demand.
Effective 2026-07-10. In force as of 9 Oct 2026: the MOFCOM page marks the announcement as valid (10 Jul 2026) and the 16 Jul 2026 press conference restates it. No adjustment or lifting found.
Minerals: Helium. Other items: Helium, customs commodity code 2804290010.. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM (regular press conference, 16 Jul 2026).
2026-06-29 · Congo (Kinshasa) · Ban · In force
DR Congo order prohibits copper and cobalt concentrate exports
A ministerial order dated 29 June 2026, signed by the Mines, Foreign Trade and Economy Ministers and reported by Reuters on 6 August 2026, states that exports of copper and cobalt concentrates are prohibited with immediate effect; the mines minister may grant one-year waivers in strategic circumstances. The order also sets a new by-product tax regime with a three-month transition.
Effective 2026-06-29. Reuters via Kitco, 6 Aug 2026, and BMI via Engineering News, 12 Aug 2026 (BMI reads the order as replacing a longstanding ban with exemptions by tighter waiver rules; limited practical effect on cobalt, which leaves as hydroxide). Ivanhoe Mines stated on 6 Aug 2026 that a ban on unbeneficiated concentrate has been enforced for close to 10 years with derogations; Reuters counts bans in 2013, 2019 and 2023.
Minerals: Copper, Cobalt. Sources: Reuters via Kitco; Engineering News (BMI); Ivanhoe Mines.
2026-06-24 · China · Other · In force
Reporting channels for strategic mineral dual-use export control violations
MOFCOM Announcement 2026 No. 26 let any organization or person report violations such as exporting without a license, exceeding license scope, disguising or splitting items, routing through third countries, transferring technology, or helping evasion, and set up an online platform and a phone line. Voluntary self-reports count as a mitigating factor. A MOFCOM spokesperson said the step builds on earlier practice.
Effective 2026-07-01. In force from 1 Jul 2026 as of 9 Oct 2026 per the MOFCOM text; a MOFCOM spokesperson statement posted 25 Jun 2026 explains it; Morgan Lewis (1 Jul 2026) also reports it. No change found.
Other items: Strategic mineral dual-use items and related technology (the announcement does not list minerals by name).. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM export control information site (posted 25 Jun 2026).
2026-06-22 · China · End-user rule · In force
Ten US entities, including MP Materials and USA Rare Earth, added to export control list
MOFCOM Announcement 2026 No. 23 put ten US entities on its export control list. Exporters may not sell dual-use items to them, and no organization anywhere may transfer China-origin dual-use items to them; exports in special cases need a MOFCOM application. It took effect on publication.
Effective 2026-06-22. In force as of 9 Oct 2026 on MOFCOM's text dated 22 Jun 2026; Morgan Lewis (1 Jul 2026) also reports the listing. No removal found. How this affects rare earth supply to the two companies is unconfirmed.
Minerals: Rare earths. Other items: All dual-use items. The ten listed US entities include MP Materials Corp. and USA Rare Earth, Inc. alongside defense and drone firms.. Sources: MOFCOM; Morgan Lewis (law firm, Jul 2026).
2026-06-21 · Guinea · Ban · Unconfirmed
Guinea says raw gold will no longer leave the country; a decree follows
President Mamadi Doumbouya announced on 20 to 21 June 2026 that raw gold would no longer leave Guinea. A decree read on state television on 3 July 2026 sets a 90-day transition after which only refined gold of 99.5 percent or better may be exported, according to Guinean and Ecofin reports; license loss and contract termination were named as penalties for foreign companies.
Effective 2026-06-22. Reported by BBC (22 Jun 2026), Guinea News (4 Jul 2026) and Ecofin (6 Jul 2026). The decree's publication date is unconfirmed, and no report of enforcement after the 90-day transition (about early October 2026) was found.
Minerals: Gold. Sources: BBC News.
2026-06-12 · Russia · Export tax · Scheduled, not yet in effect
Russia sets an 8 percent export duty on rough diamonds, start postponed to March 2027
Decree 733 (12 June 2026) set an 8 percent duty on rough diamonds of 0.45 to 10.8 carats and on special sizes of 10.8 carats and over from 1 September 2026; Decree 1004 (11 August 2026) postponed the start to 1 March 2027.
Effective 2027-03-01. Not in effect at 9 Oct 2026; postponed from 1 Sep 2026 to 1 Mar 2027 by Decree 1004 (Alta-Soft; Interfax).
Other items: rough diamonds of 0.45 carat and above. Sources: Interfax; Reuters via Kitco; Alta-Soft (Decree 1004).
2026-05-20 · Indonesia · Other · In force
Indonesia routes coal and ferroalloy exports through a state-designated firm
Government Regulation 24/2026, announced by President Prabowo Subianto on 20 May 2026 and in force from 1 June 2026, requires strategic commodities to be exported through a designated state channel; Article 7 sets the sole-exporter requirement for 31 December 2026 at the latest, and Trade Ministry Regulation 15/2026 gives PT Danantara Sumberdaya Indonesia full control of coal exports from 1 January 2027. The first stage is a monitoring platform.
Effective 2026-06-01. In force from 1 Jun 2026 (Aceris Law, 6 Jun 2026; Jakarta Globe, 31 May 2026). The practical scope on 9 Oct 2026 is unconfirmed: Mysteel (21 Jul 2026) said full implementation moved to 1 Sep, while Indonesia Business Post (1 Sep 2026) said the monitoring platform was only set to launch.
Minerals: Coal. Other items: ferroalloys; palm oil (non-mineral). Coverage of nickel pig iron and ferronickel unconfirmed.. Sources: Indonesia Cabinet Secretariat; Jakarta Globe; Indonesia Business Post.
2026-04-14 · Kazakhstan · Ban · In force
Kazakhstan renews its six-month ban on ferrous and non-ferrous scrap exports
Order 169 of the Minister of Industry and Construction (14 April 2026) bans exports of listed ferrous and non-ferrous scrap and waste by all transport modes for six months from 1 May 2026. The ban began in October 2018 and has been renewed at least ten times.
Effective 2026-05-01. Order text (cdb.kz), Alta-Soft (valid 1 May 2026, not applicable from 1 Nov 2026) and GMK Center, 30 Apr 2026. Lapses on 1 Nov 2026 unless renewed; renewal unconfirmed. GMK Center says EAEU members are excluded; the order text read shows no such carve-out (unresolved).
Minerals: Copper, Aluminum, Steel. Other items: lead scrap, lead batteries, rails and pipes (HS 7204, 7404, 7602, 7802, 7302, 7304-7306, 8607). Sources: Kazakhstan legal database (cdb.kz); Alta-Soft; GMK Center.
2026-04-13 · Russia · License · In force
Russia requires government authorization for helium exports outside the EAEU
Government Decree 404 of 13 April 2026 added helium (HS 2804 29 100 0) to Appendix 2 of Decree 311 of 9 March 2022. Until 31 December 2027, exports outside the Eurasian Economic Union need a decision by the Prime Minister or a deputy prime minister on Industry and Trade Ministry proposals, to keep the domestic market supplied.
Effective 2026-04-14. Interfax, 14 Apr 2026, and the zakonrf.info text of Decree 311 (edition of 11 Aug 2026) with helium in Appendix 2. Global Trade Alert labels it licensing; Interfax calls it an authorization procedure.
Minerals: Helium. Sources: Interfax; Alta-Soft; zakonrf.info (legal text copy).
2026-03-26 · Indonesia · Ban · In force
Indonesia prohibits exports of raw rare earths and tellurium (Trade Regulation 6/2026)
Trade Ministry Regulation 6/2026, signed 17 March 2026 and promulgated 26 March 2026, lists rare earth elements below 99 percent purity, their hydroxides and oxides, and tellurium to the prohibited export list from 1 April 2026. After mandatory rare-earth testing delayed surveyor reports in July 2026 (about 120 per an industry group, 85 per the presidential office), officials said on 3 August 2026 that the ban covers rare earths as a primary product, not by-product content.
Effective 2026-04-01. Reuters via Kitco, 3 Aug 2026, and Suar.id, 13 Aug 2026, both describe the ban as operating with a transitional by-product guideline; a revised regulation with a permanent threshold was targeted for around November 2026 and its issue is unconfirmed. The annex has exceptions, including for research and development and for re-export. Reuters and Jakarta Globe describe 18 elements, the annex lists 17 plus tellurium.
Minerals: Rare earths. Other items: tellurium and tellurium dioxide; rare earth hydroxides and oxides below 99 percent purity. Sources: Indonesia Ministry of Trade (Permendag 6/2026); Reuters via Kitco; Suar.id.
2026-03-26 · Indonesia · Ban · In force
Indonesia bars tin ore and concentrate exports and licenses tin ingot exports
Trade Ministry Regulation 6/2026 (effective 1 April 2026) prohibits exports of tin ore and concentrates, hard tin slag, tailings and tin ingots that fail technical criteria (including below 99.9 percent tin); Regulation 5/2026 keeps an export approval and surveyor report requirement for industrial tin and drops the registered-exporter requirement. Energy Minister Bahlil said in February 2026 that the government planned to study a wider tin export halt.
Effective 2026-04-01. Primary text of Regulation 6/2026 and Petromindo, 8 Apr 2026. The wider tin export ban is a proposal only; refined tin exports continued in 2026 (Indonesia Business Post, 21 Feb 2026; Jakarta Globe, 3 Aug 2026). The 2013 exchange-trading and purity rule for tin was not confirmed from any opened page.
Minerals: Tin. Other items: hard tin slag and tin tailings (amang). Sources: Indonesia Ministry of Trade (Permendag 6/2026); Petromindo; Malay Mail.
2026-02-25 · Zimbabwe · Suspension · In force
Zimbabwe suspends raw mineral and lithium concentrate exports, then reopens under quotas
Mines Minister Polite Kambamura suspended exports of all raw minerals and lithium concentrate on 25 February 2026, citing malpractices in exporting. A 2 April 2026 letter to the Chamber of Mines set conditions for resuming concentrate exports: producer-specific quotas, published financial statements and compliance records, written commitments on lithium sulphate plants by 1 January 2027 and a continuing 10 percent export tax until the ban.
Effective 2026-02-25. Mining Zimbabwe quotes Mines Minister Kambamura saying the ban was 'softly lifted'. Quota regime in force: Engineering News (Reuters), 25 Aug 2026, reports Sinomine granted additional quota (200,000 t in April plus 300,000 t in July); Wansom.ai, 8 Oct 2026, refers to producer-specific quotas. Whether the wider raw-minerals suspension was formally lifted is unconfirmed. Reuters gives the halt date as 26 Feb.
Minerals: Lithium. Other items: all raw minerals (others not specified in sources). Sources: Al Jazeera; Reuters via Kitco; Engineering News (Reuters).
2026-01-06 · China · End-user rule · In force
Ban on dual-use items for Japanese military users and military-enhancing uses
MOFCOM Announcement 2026 No. 1 prohibited all dual-use item exports to Japanese military users, for military uses, and for any end use that helps raise Japan's military strength. It applies to anyone transferring China-origin dual-use items to Japanese recipients. MOFCOM later added Japanese entities to its control and watch lists (for example 24 Feb and 29 Jun 2026).
Effective 2026-01-06. In force as of 9 Oct 2026. A MOFCOM spokesperson statement posted on its export control site (2026) refers to the 24 Feb 2026 listing of 20 Japanese entities and the further listing of 29 Jun 2026, and Morgan Lewis (1 Jul 2026) describes the Jan 2026 tightening. No withdrawal found.
Other items: All dual-use items on China's export control list, which includes the controlled minerals and rare earths in the entries on this page. Mineral-specific effects on Japan are unconfirmed.. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM export control information site; Morgan Lewis (law firm, Jul 2026).
2025-12-31 · Ukraine · Quota · In force
Ukraine sets a zero 2026 export quota on ferrous and copper scrap
Cabinet Resolution 1795 of 31 December 2025 sets 2026 export licensing quotas of zero tonnes for these scrap categories, a de facto ban. Prime Minister Svyrydenko said scrap exports had grown despite the existing export duty. GMK Center, not the Prime Minister, says a zero quota was chosen because the EU free-trade agreement bars export duties on scrap to the EU. Resolution 563 (29 April 2026) exempts licenses held by winners of the December 2025 state-enterprise auctions.
Effective 2026-01-01. Resolution text on zakon.rada.gov.ua (edition of 3 May 2026 still shows zero for 7204 and 7404 00); Interfax-Ukraine, 29 Sep 2026, and GMK Center, 28 Sep 2026, report the zero quota in effect and the European Business Association asking to extend it into 2027. Valid through end-2026; no decision on 2027 found. A ferrous scrap export duty of EUR 180 per tonne for non-EU destinations also exists (GMK Center, Nov 2025); its status after its September 2026 extension date is unconfirmed.
Minerals: Copper, Steel. Other items: ferrous scrap and cast-iron remelting ingots (UKTZED 7204), copper scrap (7404 00), electronic scrap (8549 21, 8549 29). Sources: Verkhovna Rada legal database; Interfax-Ukraine; Interfax-Ukraine; GMK Center.
2025-12-30 · China · License · In force
2026 export license list covers rare earths, silver, tungsten, antimony, molybdenum
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2025 No. 89 lists 43 goods needing an export license in 2026, including rare earths, silver, tungsten, molybdenum, antimony and indium. Items that are also on the dual-use list need a dual-use license. Announcement 2025 No. 69 continues the suspension of silver export quotas.
Effective 2026-01-01. In force from 1 Jan 2026 as of 9 Oct 2026, per Announcement 2025 No. 89 (it replaces 2024 No. 65). The Hong Kong Trade and Industry Department circular reproduces Announcement 2025 No. 69. No 2026 amendment found. Announcement No. 69 was read through the Hong Kong excerpt, not the MOFCOM page itself.
Minerals: Rare earths, Silver, Tungsten, Antimony, Molybdenum, Indium, Tin, Bauxite, Phosphate rock, Fluorspar. Other items: Also bauxite (alumina ore), phosphate rock, fluorspar, talc, magnesia, silicon carbide, tin and tin products. Platinum is covered when exported under processing trade. MOFCOM Announcement 2025 No. 69 (29 Oct 2025) states that silver and phosphate rock export quota management stays suspended in 2026 and licenses are issued on a valid export contract.. Sources: MOFCOM; Hong Kong Trade and Industry Department (excerpt of MOFCOM Announcement 2025 No. 69).
2025-12-29 · Zimbabwe · Export tax · In force
Zimbabwe imposes export VAT on lithium ore and concentrate and on unbeneficiated chrome from 2026
The Finance Act (No. 7) of 2025, gazetted 29 December 2025, imposes from 1 January 2026 an export VAT of 10 percent on lithium ore and on concentrate, 0 percent on sulphate and 10 percent on unbeneficiated chrome. The 27 November 2025 budget statement had indicated 5 percent on concentrate and chrome.
Effective 2026-01-01. Enforcement of the chrome rate is not reported in the sources opened. The Finance Act text was reached by the checker through Veritas Zimbabwe and MMM Law; MMM Law is cited here.
Minerals: Lithium, Chromium. Other items: lithium sulphate; lightly processed chrome. Sources: KPMG; MMM Law; Reuters via Kitco.
2025-12-18 · China · License · Unconfirmed
MOFCOM says some general licenses for rare earth exports approved
At a 18 Dec 2025 press conference MOFCOM spokesperson He Yadong said that, as exporters had built up export and compliance experience, some Chinese exporters met the basic requirements for general licenses and MOFCOM had received and approved some applications. USGS (Jan 2026) says China began issuing general export licenses to selected exporters; a Tech Times report (26 May 2026) names three magnet makers and says the licenses run for about a year and exclude defense and aerospace uses.
MOFCOM's statement of 18 Dec 2025 is confirmed. Number of licenses, holders, validity period and any 2026 renewals are unconfirmed from primary sources as of 9 Oct 2026; the holder names and one-year term come only from secondary reports. No MOFCOM text on general licenses for other minerals found.
Minerals: Rare earths. Sources: Xinhua (18 Dec 2025); USGS; Tech Times (26 May 2026).
2025-12-11 · Vietnam · Ban · In force
Vietnam bans exports of raw rare earth minerals through amended minerals law
Vietnam's National Assembly adopted amendments to the Law on Geology and Minerals on 11 December 2025, banning exports of raw rare earth minerals and limiting exploration, mining and processing to state-approved entities, effective 1 January 2026. Vietnam Customs ordered 100 percent physical inspection, with limited exceptions, of rare earth export shipments from 6 May 2026.
Effective 2026-01-01. Latest evidence opened is VIR, 6 May 2026 (customs inspections) and Gibson Dunn, 2 Jun 2026; nothing later found, so the October 2026 position rests on no repeal being found. The law number 147/2025/QH15 is confirmed by VILAF (vilaf.com.vn, March 2026 legal update).
Minerals: Rare earths. Sources: The Straits Times (Bloomberg); Vietnam Investment Review; Gibson Dunn.
2025-11-18 · European Union · Export tax · Ended
EU prepares, then withdraws, an export duty on aluminum scrap
The Commission announced preparatory work in November 2025 and ran a call for evidence to 31 January 2026; a draft seen by Reuters set a 15 percent duty for three years with 91 countries exempt. Commission cabinet statements of about 4 September 2026 reported the duty withdrawn because it would cover about half of EU scrap exports, and the cabinet said it is working on a delegated act on waste exports instead.
Cabinet statement of 4 Sep 2026: proposal withdrawn; a Commission briefing called it 'on hold' and European Aluminium 'at least temporarily' withdrawn. Reuters sources cite India free-trade concerns (not confirmed by the Commission). The duty rate comes only from Reuters's description of a leaked draft. The cabinet said it is working on a delegated act on waste exports; the act is not adopted at 9 Oct 2026. The duty was never in force.
Minerals: Aluminum. Other items: aluminum scrap (CN 7602). Sources: Fastmarkets; Reuters via Cyprus Mail; European Aluminium; EUWID Recycling.
2025-11-17 · Indonesia · Export tax · In force
Indonesia imposes export duties of 7.5 to 15 percent on gold
Finance Ministry Regulation 80/2025 (issued 17 November 2025, promulgated 9 December 2025) sets duties of 7.5 to 15 percent on gold exports depending on reference price and product form, with dore taxed highest (12.5 to 15 percent) and cast and minted bars lowest (7.5 to 10 percent).
Effective 2025-12-23. Tempo, 14 Aug 2026, reports the Finance Minister planning to extend the duty to heavy gold jewelry; Antara, 9 Sep 2026, cites the regulation in a customs enforcement story.
Minerals: Gold. Other items: dore, granules, unwrought and minted bars. Sources: Jakarta Globe; Tempo; Antara.
2025-11-09 · China · Suspension · In force
Suspension of the 2024 US ban on gallium, germanium, antimony and superhard materials
MOFCOM Announcement 2025 No. 72 said that, with approval, from 9 Nov 2025 until 27 Nov 2026 Article 2 of Announcement 2024 No. 46 is suspended. The announcement does not touch Article 1 (military end users), which a law-firm note says stays in force, or the license requirements in the 2023 and 2024 announcements.
Effective 2025-11-09. The suspension is in force until 27 Nov 2026 as of 9 Oct 2026, per MOFCOM text (9 Nov 2025) and Global Trade Alert. MOFCOM's 28 Sep 2026 statement extends the Kuala Lumpur arrangement to 10 Jan 2027 without naming this announcement; no numbered announcement changing the 27 Nov 2026 date found. Extension unconfirmed. Secondary sources that give 10 Nov 2026 for No. 72 or 27 Nov 2026 for No. 61 conflict with the MOFCOM text.
Minerals: Gallium, Antimony, Graphite. Other items: Germanium and superhard materials dual-use items; graphite stricter end-user review for the US.. Sources: MOFCOM; Hong Kong Trade and Industry Department (excerpt of the MOFCOM text); Global Trade Alert; MOFCOM.
2025-11-07 · China · Suspension · In force
Suspension of the October 2025 export control announcements until 10 November 2026
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2025 No. 70 said that, with approval, from 7 Nov 2025 until 10 Nov 2026 Announcements Nos. 55, 56, 57 and 58 (joint) and Nos. 61 and 62 (MOFCOM) are suspended. The April 2025 rare earth controls (No. 18) and earlier measures were not on the list.
Effective 2025-11-07. The suspension is in force until 10 Nov 2026 as of 9 Oct 2026 (MOFCOM page marks it valid and is dated 7 Nov 2025). On 28 Sep 2026 a MOFCOM department head said, in an interpretation of the eighth-round results, that the Kuala Lumpur joint arrangement, which suspended certain tariff and non-tariff measures until 10 Nov 2026, was extended to 10 Jan 2027; the statement does not name Announcement 70 or rare earths, and news reports (for example rawmaterials.net) note that separate confirmation for the export controls was pending. No numbered MOFCOM announcement extending No. 70 found as of 9 Oct 2026, so the extension of this suspension is unconfirmed.
Minerals: Rare earths, Lithium, Graphite. Other items: Suspends Announcements 2025 Nos. 55 (superhard materials), 56 (rare earth equipment), 57 (five rare earths), 58 (lithium battery and graphite anode), 61 (extraterritorial rare earth rule) and 62 (rare earth technology).. Sources: MOFCOM; Hong Kong Trade and Industry Department (excerpt of the MOFCOM text); Global Trade Alert; MOFCOM; RAWMATERIALS.net.
2025-10-26 · China · Other · In force
State-trading qualification for tungsten, antimony and silver exporters, 2026 to 2027
MOFCOM Announcement 2025 No. 68 set the conditions and procedure for companies to qualify as state-trading exporters of tungsten, antimony and silver for 2026 to 2027, citing resource and environmental protection. On 12 Dec 2025 MOFCOM published review results (16 tungsten, 14 antimony and 50 silver applicants), and on 26 Dec 2025 it published the qualified-company list, effective 1 Jan 2026.
Effective 2026-01-01. In force for the 2026 to 2027 period as of 9 Oct 2026, per MOFCOM's 26 Dec 2025 notice (effective 1 Jan 2026). Announcement 2025 No. 89 (30 Dec 2025) lists tungsten, antimony and silver exports as also requiring export licenses in 2026. The company list was not reproduced here. No change found.
Minerals: Tungsten, Antimony, Silver. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM; MOFCOM.
2025-10-23 · Malawi · Ban · In force
Malawi bans exports of raw unprocessed minerals by executive order
An executive order dated 23 October 2025, effective 21 October 2025, bans exports of raw unprocessed minerals (Xinhua, 26 Oct 2025). Lindian Resources and Sovereign Metals say they are unaffected because the order exempts processed minerals. Mining Minister Thoko Tembo said on 23 September 2026 that no company may export raw minerals.
Effective 2025-10-21. The Maravi Express and Nyasa Times reported the minister's statement on 24 Sep 2026. Malawi's Finance Ministry projected revenue in 2026/27 'due to the lift on export ban' (Nation, 5 Mar 2026), so scope after any easing is unclear.
Other items: all raw unprocessed minerals; Lindian and Sovereign Metals received exemptions. Sources: Nyasa Times; Nyasa Times; Rare Earth Exchanges.
2025-10-09 · China · License · Suspended
Export controls on synthetic diamond superhard materials and related equipment
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2025 No. 55, issued 9 Oct 2025, put these superhard materials items under export control from 8 Nov 2025. It was suspended on 7 Nov 2025 before its effective date.
Effective 2025-11-08. Suspended until 10 Nov 2026 by Announcement 2025 No. 70 (7 Nov 2025). Global Trade Alert lists the No. 70 suspension as active; the 2026 dual-use license catalog contains no 2C902 entry. MOFCOM said on 28 Sep 2026 that the Kuala Lumpur arrangement is extended to 10 Jan 2027, without naming this announcement; whether No. 70 was extended is unconfirmed as of 9 Oct 2026.
Other items: Synthetic diamond micropowder (50 micrometers or less), single-crystal synthetic diamond (50 to 500 micrometers), diamond wire saws and grinding wheels, direct-current arc plasma jet CVD equipment (2B005.b) and process technology (2E902); control code 2C902. Reference customs codes seen: 71051020, 68042110, 84798999.. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM.
2025-10-09 · China · License · Suspended
Export controls on rare earth production equipment and auxiliary materials
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2025 No. 56, issued 9 Oct 2025, put rare earth equipment and auxiliary materials under export control from 8 Nov 2025. It was suspended on 7 Nov 2025 before its effective date.
Effective 2025-11-08. Suspended until 10 Nov 2026 by Announcement 2025 No. 70 (7 Nov 2025). USGS (Jan 2026) confirms the October 2025 rare earth controls were suspended; the 2026 dual-use license catalog has no 2B902 entry. The 28 Sep 2026 MOFCOM extension statement does not name this announcement; whether No. 70 was extended is unconfirmed as of 9 Oct 2026.
Minerals: Rare earths. Other items: Rare earth production and processing equipment (control code 2B902, items a to z, including continuous impurity-removal precipitation equipment for ionic rare earth ore of 5,000 cubic meters a day or more, furnaces, electrolytic cells, crystal growth furnaces, cold isostatic presses, sintering furnaces and shaft kilns) and rare earth auxiliary materials (1C914, including the extractant P507).. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM; USGS.
2025-10-09 · China · License · Suspended
Export controls on holmium, erbium, thulium, europium and ytterbium
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2025 No. 57, issued 9 Oct 2025, extended rare earth export controls to five more elements from 8 Nov 2025. It was suspended on 7 Nov 2025 before its effective date.
Effective 2025-11-08. Suspended until 10 Nov 2026 by Announcement 2025 No. 70 (7 Nov 2025). USGS (Jan 2026) says China expanded controls in October to europium, holmium, erbium, thulium and ytterbium and suspended them for one year. The 2026 dual-use license catalog has no 1C909 entry. Extension beyond 10 Nov 2026 unconfirmed as of 9 Oct 2026 (see the 28 Sep 2026 entry).
Minerals: Rare earths. Other items: Control codes 1C909 (holmium), 1C910 (erbium), 1C911 (thulium), 1C912 (europium) and 1C913 (ytterbium).. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM; USGS.
2025-10-09 · China · License · Suspended
Export controls on lithium batteries, cathode materials and graphite anode materials
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2025 No. 58, issued 9 Oct 2025, put these battery, cathode and graphite anode items under export control from 8 Nov 2025. It was suspended on 7 Nov 2025 before its effective date.
Effective 2025-11-08. Suspended until 10 Nov 2026 by Announcement 2025 No. 70 (7 Nov 2025). The 2026 dual-use license catalog has no 3A001 or 3C901 entry, consistent with the suspension. Global Trade Alert lists the No. 70 suspension as active. Extension beyond 10 Nov 2026 unconfirmed as of 9 Oct 2026.
Minerals: Lithium, Graphite. Other items: Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries of 300 Wh/kg or more (3A001), battery and cathode manufacturing equipment (3B901), lithium iron phosphate cathode material (3C901.a.1), nickel-cobalt-manganese and nickel-cobalt-aluminum hydroxide precursors, lithium-rich manganese-based cathode material, artificial graphite anode material and mixed artificial and natural graphite anode material (3C901.b), graphite anode granulation and graphitization equipment, and production technology.. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM.
2025-10-09 · China · License · Suspended
Export license requirement for rare earth separation, smelting and magnet technologies
MOFCOM Announcement 2025 No. 62 barred export of the listed technologies without a license, including transfers through licensing, investment, joint research, employment and consulting, and barred Chinese persons from giving substantial support to overseas rare earth activities without a license. It took effect on publication.
Effective 2025-10-09. Suspended until 10 Nov 2026 by Announcement 2025 No. 70 (7 Nov 2025). The Dec 2023 technology ban (Announcement 2023 No. 57) is a separate measure and was not suspended. Global Trade Alert lists the suspension as active. Extension beyond 10 Nov 2026 unconfirmed as of 9 Oct 2026.
Minerals: Rare earths. Other items: Technology and data for rare earth mining, separation, metal smelting, magnet manufacturing (samarium-cobalt, neodymium-iron-boron, cerium) and secondary resource recycling (1E902.a), and production line assembly, commissioning, maintenance and upgrading technology (1E902.b).. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM; Global Trade Alert.
2025-09-21 · Congo (Kinshasa) · Quota · In force
DR Congo replaces its cobalt export ban with annual export quotas
ARECOMS announced on 21 September 2025 a quota regime from 16 October 2025: up to 18,125 tonnes for October to December 2025, then 96,600 tonnes a year for 2026 and 2027, of which 87,000 tonnes go to producers pro rata to historical exports and 9,600 tonnes to a strategic quota allocated at ARECOMS's discretion. In late June 2026 ARECOMS ruled that unused first-half 2026 allocations were forfeited to the strategic pool.
Effective 2025-10-16. Miningmx (Bloomberg), 30 Jun 2026 (forfeiture of unused quotas; reports differ on the deadline, 30 Jun or 5 Jul), Fastmarkets, 11 Aug 2026 (ARECOMS says quota cuts may be considered but it does not intend to change volumes at this stage), and Wansom.ai, 7 Oct 2026 (cap of 96,600 t for 2026-27, citing Bloomberg of 4 Sep 2026). Revision in October 2026 is speculation in secondary press and unconfirmed.
Minerals: Cobalt. Sources: Fastmarkets; Miningmx (Bloomberg); Congo Mining Network; Fastmarkets; Wansom.ai.
2025-07-15 · China · License · In force
Restricted-export technology list adds lithium, battery cathode and gallium recovery
MOFCOM and the Ministry of Science and Technology Announcement 2025 No. 28 adjusted the Catalog of Technologies Prohibited and Restricted from Export, effective on publication. The additions are in the restricted (X) category, which requires an export license rather than a ban.
Effective 2025-07-15. In force as of 9 Oct 2026 on the evidence found: Announcement 2025 No. 70 (suspension list) does not include Announcement 2025 No. 28, and MOFCOM Announcement 2026 No. 26 (24 Jun 2026) extends its reporting scheme to violations of strategic mineral technology export rules under the Technology Import and Export Regulation. No notice amending No. 28 found; no source directly confirming 2026 enforcement of these entries.
Minerals: Lithium, Gallium. Other items: Lithium iron phosphate and lithium manganese iron phosphate cathode preparation technology (entry 252604X); phosphate cathode raw material technology; lithium carbonate and hydroxide production from spodumene; lithium metal and alloy preparation; brine lithium extraction (adsorbents and membrane separation); and a revised entry on recovering gallium from alumina mother liquor by ion exchange or resin methods (083201X).. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM; MOFCOM.
2025-06-21 · Congo (Kinshasa) · Suspension · Ended
DR Congo extends its cobalt export suspension by three months
ARECOMS extended the cobalt export suspension by three months in June 2025, citing the continued high level of stock on the market. It said it would announce before the new window closed in September whether to modify, extend or end the suspension.
Effective 2025-06-22. On 21 Sep 2025 ARECOMS announced the suspension would run to 15 Oct 2025 with quotas from 16 Oct 2025 (Fastmarkets).
Minerals: Cobalt. Sources: Reuters via Kitco; Fastmarkets; IEA policies database.
2025-06-10 · Zimbabwe · Ban · Scheduled, not yet in effect
Zimbabwe schedules a ban on lithium concentrate exports from January 2027
Zimbabwe announced in June 2025 (mining-technology.com attributes the statement to then Mines Minister Winston Chitando, on 10 June) that exports of all lithium concentrates would be banned from January 2027. In April 2026 the government set conditions for continuing concentrate exports, including written commitments to build lithium sulphate plants before 1 January 2027.
Effective 2027-01-01. Scheduled for 1 Jan 2027 and not yet in effect at 9 Oct 2026. Mines Minister Polite Kambamura said on 20 Jul 2026 that the deadline stands (Reuters via Miningmx); The Zimbabwean, 24 Aug 2026, and Engineering News, 25 Aug 2026, describe it as still planned. A producers' request for June 2027 was reported by Zimlive, 18 Jun 2026, and is unconfirmed. Only one sulphate plant was complete (Miningmx, Jul 2026).
Minerals: Lithium. Other items: spodumene concentrate. Sources: Mining Technology; Miningmx (Reuters); The Zimbabwean; Engineering News (Reuters).
2025-05-30 · Gabon · Ban · Unconfirmed
Gabon plans to ban raw manganese ore exports from 2029
Gabon's Council of Ministers announced on 30 May 2025 that exports of raw manganese ore would be banned from January 2029. No legislative instrument is named.
Effective 2029-01-01. Not yet in effect at 9 Oct 2026; the 2029 date was repeated in 2026 reports (Gabonews via allAfrica, 9 Feb 2026; Engineering News, 12 Feb 2026).
Minerals: Manganese. Sources: Engineering News; Engineering News.
2025-04-24 · Morocco · License · Unconfirmed
Morocco requires export licenses for unwrought copper and aluminum ingots
Ministry of Industry and Trade Order 693-25 (dated 13 March 2025, published in the Bulletin Officiel on 24 April 2025) requires export licenses for unwrought copper and copper-alloy ingots (ex 7403) and aluminum ingots (ex 7601) for a fixed two years; a customs circular of 5 May 2025 notified the order.
Effective 2025-04-24. Reported by Les Eco and Bladi (May 2025); by its own terms the license requirement runs to about April 2027; no 2026 evidence found.
Minerals: Copper, Aluminum. Sources: Trends N Africa.
2025-04-04 · China · License · In force
Export licensing for seven medium and heavy rare earths and magnets containing them
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2025 No. 18 required export licenses for the listed rare earth items from publication on 4 Apr 2025, citing national security and non-proliferation. Exporters must also mark controlled goods on the customs declaration. It applies to all destinations.
Effective 2025-04-04. In force as of 9 Oct 2026; not suspended. USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 (Jan 2026) says the April export controls remained in effect. The 2026 dual-use license catalog lists items 1C902 onward. A Tech Times article of 26 May 2026 says the April 2025 controls have never been suspended. Announcement 2025 No. 70 does not list No. 18.
Minerals: Rare earths. Other items: Samarium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, lutetium, scandium and yttrium: metals, alloys, targets, oxides, compounds and some magnets (for example samarium-cobalt). Control codes beginning 1C902 (samarium), 1C903 (gadolinium), 1C904 (terbium) and 1C906 (lutetium) seen. Reference customs codes seen: 2805301910 (samarium, gadolinium, lutetium metal) and 2805301300 (terbium metal).. Sources: MOFCOM; USGS; MOFCOM and GAC; Tech Times (26 May 2026).
2025-03-05 · European Union · Ban · Scheduled, not yet in effect
EU lists black mass as hazardous waste from November 2026
Commission Delegated Decision (EU) 2025/934 of 5 March 2025 (published 20 May 2025, in force 9 June 2025) adds a waste code for black mass as hazardous waste, applying from 9 November 2026. The bar on exports of hazardous waste to non-OECD countries follows from Article 39 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1157.
Effective 2026-11-09. In force since 9 Jun 2025; applies from 9 Nov 2026. Sources: EUWID Recycling; the Official Journal text was not opened.
Minerals: Lithium, Cobalt, Nickel. Other items: black mass (battery recycling intermediate). Sources: EUWID Recycling; European Commission (RESourceEU, COM(2025) 945).
2025-02-22 · Congo (Kinshasa) · Suspension · Ended
DR Congo suspends all cobalt exports for four months
The Authority for the Regulation and Control of Strategic Mineral Substances' Markets (ARECOMS) suspended cobalt exports from 22 February 2025 for an initial four months, after cobalt prices reached a nine-year low of about $10 per pound amid oversupply.
Effective 2025-02-22. Extended on 21 June 2025 and replaced by an export quota regime from 16 October 2025 (see drc-cobalt-export-quotas-2025). Evidence: IEA policies database (Decision 001/ARECOMS/2025); Fastmarkets for the end of the suspension timeline in Sep 2025; USGS MCS 2026 Cobalt.
Minerals: Cobalt. Sources: Reuters via Kitco; Fastmarkets; IEA policies database.
2025-02-04 · China · License · In force
Export licensing for tungsten, tellurium, bismuth, molybdenum and indium items
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2025 No. 10 put tungsten, tellurium, bismuth, molybdenum and indium items on the dual-use export control list from the date of publication, 4 Feb 2025, citing national security and non-proliferation. Exporters need a license from MOFCOM. It applies to all destinations.
Effective 2025-02-04. In force as of 9 Oct 2026. These items appear in the 2026 dual-use license catalog (effective 1 Jan 2026), and the Announcement 2025 No. 70 suspension list does not include Announcement 2025 No. 10. A MOFCOM compliance case page dated 17 Apr 2026 treats tungsten powder as controlled under No. 10 and describes tungsten, molybdenum, bismuth, cobalt and indium powders as under strict export control. USGS (Jan 2026) says China implemented new tungsten controls in Feb 2025. No tellurium-specific 2026 item found beyond the catalog.
Minerals: Tungsten, Tellurium, Bismuth, Molybdenum, Indium. Other items: Control codes seen: tungsten 1C117.c, 1C117.d, 1C004, 1E004 and 1E101.b; tellurium 6C002 and 6E002; bismuth 6C001; molybdenum powder 1C117.b (molybdenum content 97 percent or more, particle size 50 micrometers or less); indium phosphide, trimethylindium and triethylindium. Reference customs codes seen include 2841801000 (ammonium paratungstate) and 2804500001 (tellurium metal). Related production technology is included.. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM and GAC; MOFCOM export control information site (case page, posted 17 Apr 2026); USGS.
2025-02-03 · Philippines · Ban · Ended
Philippine Senate passes a raw ore export ban bill that is dropped before enactment
The Senate passed Senate Bill 2826 on third reading on 3 February 2025, banning raw ore exports five years after enactment. The bicameral committee dropped the ban in June 2025, and President Marcos signed Republic Act 12253 (enhanced fiscal regime for large-scale metallic mining) on 4 September 2025 without it.
No Philippine ban in force at 9 Oct 2026. Executive Order 122 (21 Aug 2026, Philstar) creates a critical minerals framework giving domestic processors priority access to ore; Philstar does not mention an export ban. No pending bill found in the current Congress.
Minerals: Nickel. Other items: raw mineral ores generally (Senate Bill 2826, section 9). Sources: Reuters via mining.com; InsiderPH; BusinessWorld; Philstar.
2024-12-03 · China · Ban · Suspended
Ban in principle on gallium, germanium, antimony and superhard materials exports to the US
MOFCOM Announcement 2024 No. 46, Article 2, said license applications for gallium, germanium, antimony and superhard materials items for export to the US would in principle not be approved, and graphite exports to the US would get stricter end-user review. It also barred any organization anywhere from transferring China-origin items to US recipients. It took effect on publication.
Effective 2024-12-03. Article 2 suspended from 9 Nov 2025 until 27 Nov 2026 by Announcement 2025 No. 72 (MOFCOM text and Hong Kong Trade and Industry Department circular). Global Trade Alert lists the suspension as active with expiry 27 Nov 2026, and USGS (Jan 2026) says China lifted the gallium ban to the US for one year. On 28 Sep 2026 MOFCOM said the Kuala Lumpur joint arrangement was extended to 10 Jan 2027, but that statement does not name Announcement 72 or the 27 Nov 2026 date; whether this suspension was extended is unconfirmed as of 9 Oct 2026. No numbered MOFCOM announcement amending No. 72 found.
Minerals: Gallium, Antimony, Graphite. Other items: Germanium and superhard materials dual-use items (Article 2 of Announcement 2024 No. 46). Graphite dual-use items to the US faced stricter end-user and end-use review rather than a ban.. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM; Global Trade Alert; USGS; MOFCOM.
2024-12-03 · China · End-user rule · In force
Ban on dual-use items for US military users and military uses
Article 1 of MOFCOM Announcement 2024 No. 46 prohibited exports of dual-use items to US military users or for military end uses. Article 1 was not part of the suspension.
Effective 2024-12-03. In force as of 9 Oct 2026. Announcement 2025 No. 72 (9 Nov 2025) suspended only Article 2 of 2024 No. 46. The law firm GvW's Nov 2025 note says the prohibition on US military end users stays in force. No later change found.
Other items: All items on China's dual-use export control list, which includes the controlled minerals in the entries on this page.. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM; GvW Graf von Westphalen (law firm).
2024-11-15 · China · Other · In force
Consolidated Dual-Use Items Export Control List takes effect
MOFCOM, MIIT, GAC and the State Cryptography Administration Announcement 2024 No. 51 published the consolidated list, effective 1 Dec 2024. An updated catalog took effect on 1 Jan 2026.
Effective 2024-12-01. The 2026 dual-use license catalog, effective 1 Jan 2026, is the current form (see the 2026 license list entry).
Other items: single list that consolidates the dual-use items subject to export licensing. Sources: MOFCOM.
2024-11-14 · Russia · Ban · In force
Russia restricts enriched uranium exports to the United States to one-time licenses
Government Decree 1544 of 14 November 2024 amended Decree 313 so that enriched uranium exports to the US, or under contracts with US-registered persons, are allowed only on one-time licenses from the federal technical and export control service (FSTEC). Rosatom called it a tit-for-tat response and said supplies to other countries would continue.
Effective 2024-11-16. Original term to 31 Dec 2025; extended to 31 Dec 2027 by Decree 1516 (2 Oct 2025, Global Trade Alert). Consultant.ru edition of 20 Jun 2026 of Decree 313 and the rulaws.ru Appendix 2 footnote carry the restriction.
Minerals: Uranium. Sources: World Nuclear News; ppt.ru; Global Trade Alert; rulaws.ru (legal text copy).
2024-09-30 · China · Other · In force
State Council issues the Dual-Use Items Export Control Regulations
State Council Decree No. 792 set out the framework for licensing exports of dual-use items, with effect from 1 Dec 2024.
Effective 2024-12-01. Text published on the MOFCOM export-control information site; this register has not checked for later amendments.
Other items: legal basis for the licensing of dual-use items, including the mineral measures in this register. Sources: MOFCOM export control information site.
2024-08-15 · China · License · In force
Export licensing for antimony items and superhard materials equipment
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2024 No. 33 required export licenses for the listed antimony and superhard materials items from 15 Sep 2024. The announcement was issued 15 Aug 2024. Exporters apply through provincial commerce authorities and submit end-user and end-use documents. It applies to all destinations.
Effective 2024-09-15. In force as of 9 Oct 2026. Antimony items 3C003 and superhard items 2A901 and 2C901 appear in the 2026 dual-use license catalog (effective 1 Jan 2026). Antimony is also under state-trading rules for 2026 to 2027 (see that entry). The effective date was 15 Sep 2024, not 1 Sep 2024. The Dec 2024 US restriction on antimony (Article 2 of Announcement 2024 No. 46) is suspended until 27 Nov 2026 by Announcement 2025 No. 72 (see that entry).
Minerals: Antimony. Other items: Antimony ore and raw materials, antimony metal and products, antimony oxides (purity 99.99 percent or higher), organoantimony compounds and antimony hydrides (purity above 99.999 percent), indium antimonide, and gold-antimony smelting and separation technology. Superhard materials: six-sided press equipment and key parts, microwave plasma CVD equipment (10 kW or more), diamond window materials, and related synthesis and manufacturing technology. Reference customs codes seen for antimony metal: 8110101000, 8110102000, 8110200000, 8110900000.. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM and GAC; USGS.
2024-07-26 · Angola · Ban · Unconfirmed
Angola prohibits exports of quartz and gypsum
Presidential Decrees 185/24 (quartz, published 14 August 2024, in force about 10 February 2025) and 186/24 (gypsum) prohibit exports of quartz and gypsum.
Effective 2024-08-14. Decree numbers per Angolex and Lex.ao; the gazette PDF was not opened. Latest evidence is Trends N Africa, 2 Jun 2025 (interception of 3,000 t of quartz at Luanda port).
Other items: quartz, gypsum. Sources: Noticias ao Minuto; Trends N Africa.
2024-04-11 · European Union · Ban · Scheduled, not yet in effect
EU bars most non-hazardous waste, including scrap, exports to non-OECD countries
Regulation (EU) 2024/1157 (adopted 11 April 2024) prohibits exports of non-hazardous waste for recovery to countries to which the OECD Decision does not apply, from 21 May 2027, except for countries the Commission authorizes; Article 41(3) requires the list of authorized countries by 21 November 2026.
Effective 2027-05-21. Applies from 21 May 2027. A Commission draft list published 18 September 2026 would authorize only five of 24 applicants for metal waste (Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Ukraine), per BIR; consultation runs to 16 Oct 2026.
Other items: metal scrap and other green-listed waste (not mineral-specific). Sources: European Commission (DG Environment); SteelOrbis; Envirotec.
2023-12-21 · China · Technology ban · In force
Ban on exporting rare earth separation, metal-making and magnet technologies
MOFCOM and the Ministry of Science and Technology Announcement 2023 No. 57 published a revised Catalog of Technologies Prohibited and Restricted from Export, effective on publication, with 24 prohibited and 110 restricted entries. The catalog lists rare earth processing and magnet technologies as prohibited. The December 2023 revision newly listed magnet preparation technology as prohibited.
Effective 2023-12-21. In force as of 9 Oct 2026. Announcement 2025 No. 28 (15 Jul 2025) adjusted the catalog without removing the rare earth entries it lists. Some secondary sources, including the IEA policy entry, say rare earth mining and smelting technology is prohibited; the catalog text opened places mining, beneficiation and smelting in the restricted category (083201X items 6 to 8), so that point conflicts.
Minerals: Rare earths. Other items: Prohibited (code 083201J): rare earth extraction and separation process technology; production technology for rare earth metals and alloy materials; preparation technology for samarium-cobalt, neodymium-iron-boron and cerium magnets; calcium oxyborate preparation technology. Restricted (code 083201X, license needed): rare earth mining, beneficiation and smelting technology not already banned, rare earth extractant synthesis processes, and ionic rare earth mine leaching technology (080901X).. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM and Ministry of Science and Technology (catalog PDF); Ministry of Science and Technology; IEA policy database.
2023-10-20 · China · License · In force
Export licensing for high-purity artificial graphite and natural flake graphite
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2023 No. 39 narrowed the 2006 temporary graphite controls to two item groups and required an export license for them from 1 Dec 2023. Other items in the 2006 controls (Announcement 2006 No. 50) were released from control. The measure applies to all destinations.
Effective 2023-12-01. In force as of 9 Oct 2026. Graphite items 1C108.b (artificial graphite) and 1C108.c (natural flake graphite) are in the 2026 dual-use license catalog (effective 1 Jan 2026). MOFCOM Announcement 2025 No. 72 suspended only the stricter end-user review of graphite exports to the US (see that entry), not the license requirement. Only one document opened that lists graphite as controlled after Nov 2025; second independent source not found.
Minerals: Graphite. Other items: Artificial graphite with purity above 99.9 percent, flexural strength above 30 MPa and density above 1.73 g/cm3, and natural flake graphite and products (including spheroidized and expanded graphite). Reference customs codes seen include 3801100030, 3801909010, 6815190020 (artificial) and 2504101000, 2504109100, 3801901000 (natural).. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM and GAC; MOFCOM.
2023-10 · Malaysia · Ban · In force
Malaysia bars exports of unprocessed rare earths, with case-by-case exemptions
Malaysia's cabinet approved a moratorium on exports of raw (non-radioactive) rare earths that took effect on 1 January 2024; the government calls it a moratorium. Exemptions have included a Kenering, Perak mine until end-March 2024 and a Perak pilot exporting rare earth carbonate.
Effective 2024-01-01. The Star, 7 Oct 2026 (reprinted by Asia News Network on 8 Oct), reports a parliamentary reply that raw rare earths may be exported for R&D and processing under conditions including local processing commitments; Bloomberg via mining.com, 2 Aug 2026, reports Putrajaya weighing easing. The ban itself remained in place in both; the ministry said in November 2025 that it would last through 2027. The March 2024 parliamentary reply cited by USGS could not be opened; announcement dates rest on a secondary source.
Minerals: Rare earths. Sources: Asia News Network; Bloomberg via mining.com; The Straits Times; Rare Earth Exchanges.
2023-07-03 · China · License · In force
Export licensing for gallium and germanium items
MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2023 No. 23 required an export license for the listed gallium and germanium items from 1 Aug 2023, citing national security. Exporters apply through provincial commerce authorities and submit end-user and end-use certificates. The measure applies to all destinations.
Effective 2023-08-01. In force as of 9 Oct 2026. Gallium items 3C001 and germanium items 3C002 appear in MOFCOM's 2026 dual-use import and export license catalog (published 31 Dec 2025, effective 1 Jan 2026). USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 (Jan 2026) describes the Aug 2023 licensing program and the Dec 2024 ban to the US. No suspension or repeal found.
Minerals: Gallium. Other items: Germanium items: germanium metal, zone-refined germanium ingots, zinc germanium phosphide, germanium epitaxial growth substrates, germanium dioxide and germanium tetrachloride. Gallium items: gallium metal, gallium nitride, oxide, phosphide, arsenide, selenide and antimonide, and indium gallium arsenide. Reference customs codes seen for gallium metal: 8112929010, 8112929090, 8112999000.. Sources: MOFCOM; MOFCOM and GAC; USGS.
2023-06-08 · Namibia · Ban · Unconfirmed
Namibia bans exports of unprocessed lithium ore, cobalt, manganese, graphite and rare earths
Cabinet approved a prohibition on exports of unprocessed critical minerals, including crushed lithium ore, cobalt, manganese, graphite and rare earths. Smaller quantities may be allowed at the mines minister's discretion with Cabinet endorsement. Reports say the ministry did not state when the ban would take effect.
IEA entry (updated 22 Sep 2025) and Global Trade Alert list it as in force with no revocation; no 2026 source found. A permit for 6,000 t of lithium ore (Xinfeng) was reported on 6 Nov 2023. No statutory instrument number found.
Minerals: Lithium, Cobalt, Manganese, Graphite, Rare earths. Sources: Mining Technology; The Namibian; Global Trade Alert; International Energy Agency.
2023-04-28 · Indonesia · Ban · In force
Indonesia bans copper concentrate exports, with time-limited Freeport and Amman permits
Indonesia's raw-mineral export ban covered copper concentrate from June 2023, but Freeport Indonesia and Amman Mineral were allowed to ship until May 2024 (announced 28 April 2023), then to 31 December 2024 with export duties of 7.5 to 10 percent tied to smelter progress. From 1 January 2025 exports were prohibited; Freeport then received, per its 10-K, a force-majeure license through 16 September 2025 after an October 2024 fire at its Manyar smelter, and Amman a 480,000 dry tonne export recommendation from 31 October 2025 to April 2026.
Effective 2025-01-01. Freeport's FY2025 10-K (13 Feb 2026) and 10-Q (6 Aug 2026) state it holds no export license for copper concentrate (the 10-K adds that regulations prohibit exports); Trade Ministry Regulation 6/2026 (effective 1 Apr 2026) permits concentrate exports of 15 percent copper or more only for force-majeure repairs under ministry rules. Amman's permit is reported to have ended in April 2026 (one brokerage report relayed by Indonesian media; uncorroborated here). Freeport's 10-Q says the Manyar smelter restart is expected in the second half of 2026 and its chief executive said 'next month' on 7 Aug 2026 (Reuters via Kitco); restart unconfirmed. The date field is the 28 Apr 2023 announcement of time-limited exemptions to the ban. Conflict: Amman volume was reported as about 400,000 t (30 Oct 2025) versus 480,000 dry tonnes in the company release.
Minerals: Copper. Other items: anode sludge. Sources: Freeport-McMoRan (FY2025 Form 10-K); Freeport-McMoRan (Form 10-Q, 6 Aug 2026); Amman Mineral; The Jakarta Post; Indonesia Ministry of Trade (Permendag 6/2026).
2022-12-21 · Indonesia · Ban · In force
Indonesia bans bauxite ore exports from June 2023
President Joko Widodo announced on 21 December 2022 that bauxite ore exports would be banned from June 2023; the ban applies after 10 June 2023 on the basis of Law 3/2020. Trade Ministry Regulation 6/2026 lists aluminum ore and concentrates as prohibited, with an exception only for high-grade proppant.
Effective 2023-06-10. Trade Ministry Regulation 6/2026 annex (effective 1 Apr 2026) and Indonesia Business Post, 10 Aug 2026 (Bahlil: ban maintained). Fastmarkets, 8 Jul 2024, reported Jakarta considering easing; no easing found. Source conflict: Fastmarkets dates the announcement to 2021/May 2022, the Cabinet Secretariat page gives 21 Dec 2022, which is used here.
Minerals: Bauxite. Other items: alumina below 98 percent Al2O3 (also on the 2026 prohibited list). Sources: Indonesia Cabinet Secretariat; Indonesia Business Post; Indonesia Ministry of Trade (Permendag 6/2026); Indonesia Business Post.
2022-12-16 · Zimbabwe · Ban · In force
Zimbabwe bans exports of unbeneficiated lithium ore
Statutory Instrument 213 of 2022 prohibited exports of unbeneficiated lithium and lithium-bearing ores, with exceptions permitted by the Ministry of Mines. Concentrates were not covered, according to Reuters reporting.
Effective 2022-12-16. McCarthy Tetrault (Mondaq, 15 Apr 2026) and Wansom.ai, 8 Oct 2026, describe the ore ban as in place; no revocation found. The USGS-cited chamines.co.zw PDF was not opened. Statutory Instrument 213 of 2022 (16 Dec 2022, immediate effect) is published by Veritas Zimbabwe; the link is not reproduced here.
Minerals: Lithium. Sources: Global Trade Alert; McCarthy Tetrault; Wansom.ai.
2022-03-17 · Russia · Ban · In force
Russia bans exports of alloy and stainless steel scrap and tungsten scrap to listed states
Government Decree 313 of 9 March 2022 (implementing Presidential Decree 100) bans exports of listed goods to the listed states (EU members, the US, UK, Japan and others); steel and tungsten scrap were added by Decree 390 of 17 March 2022. The ban has been extended repeatedly, with the latest extension to 31 December 2027 by Decree 1516 of 2 October 2025.
Effective 2022-03-17. Consultant.ru edition of 20 Jun 2026 of Decree 313 carries the ban to 31 Dec 2027 (page served 9 Oct 2026); Interfax, 17 Sep 2025, reports the presidential extension. Contrary to the USGS entry, enriched uranium was not part of the March 2022 text (see russia-enriched-uranium-us-export-ban-2024).
Minerals: Tungsten, Steel. Other items: alloy and stainless steel scrap (HS 7204 21, 7204 29), cermet scrap (added 30 Jun 2022). Sources: ConsultantPlus; rulaws.ru (legal text copy); Institute for Federal Customs Regulation; Interfax.
2019-09-02 · Indonesia · Ban · In force
Indonesia bans all nickel ore exports from 1 January 2020
The Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry announced on 2 September 2019 that nickel ore, then exportable below 1.7 percent nickel, could not be exported after 1 January 2020. Ministry Regulation 11/2019 (dated 28 August 2019 per the WTO) deleted the carve-out that had run to January 2022, and Bloomberg reported exports were halted from 28 October 2019.
Effective 2020-01-01. Trade Ministry Regulation 6/2026 (effective 1 April 2026) lists nickel ore and concentrates as prohibited exports; Indonesia Business Post, 10 Aug 2026, reports Energy Minister Bahlil Lahadalia saying the ban on unprocessed commodities will be maintained. Indonesia appealed the WTO panel loss (DS592) on 8 Dec 2022 into the Appellate Body, which does not function.
Minerals: Nickel. Sources: Indonesia Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources; World Trade Organization (panel report DS592); Indonesia Ministry of Trade (Permendag 6/2026); Indonesia Business Post; Bloomberg (28 Oct 2019).
2017-03-03 · Tanzania · Ban · Ended
Tanzania bans exports of raw mineral concentrates
The Globe and Mail reported on 14 March 2017 that President John Magufuli's government had banned exports of mineral concentrates, requiring processing in Tanzania; Barrick referred to the ban in a 25 May 2017 release. No statutory instrument number found; the USGS date was not matched.
Lifted under the Barrick-Tanzania settlement (announced October 2019, signed 24 January 2020; export permit for stockpiled concentrate May 2020; IEA lists it as ended in 2020). BBC, 22 Jun 2026, says in one sentence that Tanzania bans unprocessed minerals; no instrument found.
Minerals: Copper, Gold. Other items: nickel and silver concentrates listed by USGS; not confirmed in opened pages. Sources: The Globe and Mail; Barrick Gold via Yahoo Finance; BBC News; IEA policies database.
2017-01-09 · Indonesia · Other · Ended
Indonesia partly lifts its raw ore export ban for low-grade nickel ore and washed bauxite
Ministry of Trade Regulation 1/2017 (dated 9 January 2017) and Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry Regulation 5/2017 (effective 12 January 2017) allowed nickel ore below 1.7 percent nickel to be exported until 11 January 2022, and washed bauxite, subject to smelter-construction conditions. Gard adds a requirement to supply domestic smelters and an export tax.
Effective 2017-01-12. The 2017 instruments were revoked by Regulation 25/2018 and Trade Regulation 96/2019, and the nickel carve-out ended on 1 January 2020 (WTO panel report, circulated 30 Nov 2022). Gard states nickel and bauxite saw little change in practice, which conflicts with other sources; unresolved.
Minerals: Nickel, Bauxite. Sources: World Trade Organization (panel report DS592); Gard; alCircle.
2014-08-07 · China · Other · Ended
WTO ruling on rare earth, tungsten and molybdenum export restrictions; quotas removed
A WTO panel report circulated on 26 Mar 2014 found China's export duties and export quotas on rare earths, tungsten and molybdenum inconsistent with WTO rules. The Appellate Body issued its report on 7 Aug 2014 and the Dispute Settlement Body adopted the reports on 29 Aug 2014. The parties agreed a reasonable period of 8 months and 3 days. China's 2015 license list, effective 1 Jan 2015, no longer applied quotas to these items.
Effective 2015-01-01. The measures found inconsistent were reported removed to the WTO on 20 May 2015. Export license requirements for rare earths, tungsten and molybdenum continued and are listed in MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2025 No. 89 (2026 license list, effective 1 Jan 2026). Announcement 2014 No. 94 is dated 31 Dec 2014 (effective 1 Jan 2015).
Minerals: Rare earths, Tungsten, Molybdenum. Other items: Export duties and limits on trading rights were also at issue. The same 2015 list also marks bauxite, coke, silicon carbide, manganese and fluorspar as license-on-contract items.. Sources: World Trade Organization; Taixing municipal commerce bureau (reproduction of MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2014 No. 94).
2014-01-11 · Indonesia · Ban · Ended
Indonesia bans exports of unprocessed mineral ores under the 2009 Mining Law
Under Law 4/2009 and Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry Regulation 1/2014, Indonesia barred exports of raw mineral ore from 12 January 2014 to force domestic smelting. A last-minute change let copper, iron ore, manganese, lead and zinc concentrates keep shipping above minimum purity levels, with an export tax of 20 percent rising on a stated schedule, and the WTO panel record shows nickel ore barred from 12 January 2014 to 11 January 2017.
Effective 2014-01-12. Superseded by the January 2017 relaxation and later re-tightening (see indonesia-ore-relaxation-2017 and indonesia-nickel-ore-ban-2020). Evidence: WTO panel report DS592, circulated 30 November 2022.
Minerals: Nickel, Bauxite, Copper. Other items: manganese, lead, zinc and iron ore concentrates (eased by lowered processing thresholds). Sources: World Trade Organization (panel report DS592); ASEAN Briefing; Al Jazeera.
2010-12-28 · China · Quota · Ended
Rare earth export quotas, including the 2010 cut and the first-half 2011 allocation
China capped rare earth exports with quotas allocated in batches to named companies. A wire report published by Al Jazeera on 29 Dec 2010 said the commerce ministry set a first-half 2011 quota of 13,105 metric tons among 31 companies, against 14,790 metric tons among 22 companies in the first batch of 2010, and that China cut its quota by 40 percent in 2010. The WTO summary of case DS431 records that China imposed export quotas on rare earths, tungsten and molybdenum. The start date of the quota regime is unconfirmed here.
Ended on 1 Jan 2015. MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2014 No. 94 (dated 31 Dec 2014, effective 1 Jan 2015) moved rare earths, tungsten and molybdenum to license management on the basis of an export contract, with no quota or approval document. China told the WTO Dispute Settlement Body on 20 May 2015 that the quotas had been removed. Per-year quota volumes for 2011 to 2014 were not checked.
Minerals: Rare earths. Other items: Tungsten and molybdenum were also under export quotas when the WTO dispute was brought in 2012.. Sources: Al Jazeera (news agency report, 29 Dec 2010); World Trade Organization; Taixing municipal commerce bureau (reproduction of MOFCOM and GAC Announcement 2014 No. 94).
Compiled from the primary and press sources linked on each entry and from the USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 table of country export controls. Dates are as announced; status is as the cited sources show it on 9 October 2026. Measures change quickly, so check the linked source before relying on one. The register does not cover import tariffs or sanctions, and does not claim to be complete.