Norway ranks in the top ten producers of 6 commodities: silicon (#3, 2.8% of world output in 2025), titanium (#5, 4.1% of world output in 2025), aluminum (#8, 1.8% of world output in 2025), fishmeal (#9, 3.5% of world output in 2024), natural gas (#9, 2.9% of world output in 2025), graphite (#10, 0.4% of world output in 2025). It is a top-ten exporter of nickel (#1, 15% of world export value in 2024), salmon (#1, 50% of world export value in 2024), natural gas (#2, 11% of world export value in 2024), silicon (#2, 12% of world export value in 2024), titanium (#4, 6.8% of world export value in 2024) and more.
Share of world production, 2025. Countries with no reported production are unshaded.
Drilling on the Norwegian shelf almost stopped before it started; the discovery of Ekofisk in 1969 came on a final well by a company preparing to leave. What followed was built deliberately. The state took direct ownership stakes in fields, created a national company, taxed profits heavily, and from 1990 paid the revenue into a sovereign fund invested entirely abroad, so that spending is drawn from returns rather than from production. Norway held 3.8% of world crude oil export value in 2024 (CEPII BACI).
Gas became the larger business. Troll, Ormen Lange and Åsgard feed the densest network of long subsea pipelines anywhere, running west to Britain and south to Germany, Belgium and France, so that almost all Norwegian gas is delivered by pipe rather than as a liquid; the exception is a plant in the Arctic at Hammerfest. Because those pipelines were already built and the fields could be produced harder, Norway became Europe's largest supplier when Russian pipeline flows stopped after 2022. It produced 2.9% of the world's natural gas in 2025 (Energy Institute) but held 11% of world natural-gas export value in 2024 (CEPII BACI), a much larger share of the trade than of output because nearly all of it is exported.
The metals are a hydropower story that began long before the oil. Steep terrain and heavy rainfall gave cheap electricity from the early twentieth century, and smelters were built beside the fjords at Årdal, Høyanger and Karmøy to use it. They run on alumina shipped in from elsewhere; there is no bauxite in Norway. The country smelted 1.8% of the world's primary aluminum in 2025 (USGS) and held 5.4% of world aluminum export value in 2024 (CEPII BACI). The same logic explains a metal Norway does not mine at all: a refinery at Kristiansand processes imported nickel matte, which is why Norway held 15% of world nickel export value in 2024 (CEPII BACI), the largest share of any country.
Norway's largest commodity exports by value. Each bar's share is that commodity's share of world trade in it, not its share of Norway's own exports — the two are unrelated and shown so a bar near 100% marks a commodity Norway dominates globally rather than one it merely exports a lot of.
Unlike the chart above, this treemap sizes each commodity by its share of Norway's own $122 billion of tracked exports, not by world trade. Natural gas alone is 45% of it. See the full export dependency report for how Norway compares with other countries.
Fishmeal: #3, 4.6% of world imports, $436.7 million (2024)
Manganese: #3, 4% of world imports, $257.9 million (2024)
Barite: #5, 2.9% of world imports, $26.9 million (2024)
Magnesium: #7, 4.9% of world imports, $44.5 million (2024)
Fluorspar: #9, 2.7% of world imports, $14 million (2024)
Titanium: #9, 2.8% of world imports, $89 million (2024)
Sources: FAOSTAT (crops and livestock), USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries (minerals), Energy Institute Statistical Review (energy) for production; CEPII BACI for trade. Ranks count only the commodities on this site.
Norway commodity by commodity
One page for each commodity where Norway is a top-five producer or exporter with at least 3% of the world total.
What the cross-commodity reports under Patterns say about Norway, computed from the same data as this page.
What Norway uses
Norway had about 5.5 million people and a food supply of 3,476 kilocalories per person a day in FAO's 2023 food balance sheets. Its eight largest supplies among the commodities tracked there:
Largest domestic supplies of tracked commodities in Norway, 2023
FAOSTAT Food Balance Sheets. Per-person rank counts countries of at least 1 million people. See consumption and self-sufficiency.
Who supplies Norway
Single-supplier markets. Norway buys half or more of its imports from one country in 3 of 6 import markets of $250 million or more, among them crude oil from United States (51%, $660 million); sawnwood from Sweden (83%, $278 million); manganese from Gabon (58%, $258 million). Import dependency.
Suppliers losing. Russia in aluminum (57% to 0.4%, −57 points).
How long Norway's own reserves would last
Titanium: Norway's reserves are about 95 years of its own output at the current rate (4.1% of world output, 7.5% of world reserves), against 53 years for the world.
USGS national reserve figures, rounded. A short national figure usually reflects how little has been proved up, not when mining stops. See country reserve life.
Downloads and citation
This country's rankings as JSON · PDF summary. Cite as: Commodity Origins, "What does Norway produce and export?", https://commodityorigins.com/countries/NOR/ (CC BY 4.0).
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