Where do the world's vegetable oils come from?

Oilseeds & vegetable oils covers canola, coconut oil, linseed, olive oil, palm kernel oil, palm oil, peanuts, sesame seed, soybeans, sunflower oil. What moves them together: Biodiesel mandates, crush margins, weather in Brazil, Argentina, the US and Southeast Asia, Indonesian export policy, substitution between oils.

What stands out across oilseeds & vegetable oils?

Among the 10 commodities in oilseeds & vegetable oils with a production ranking, supply is most concentrated in palm kernel oil, where Indonesia produced 59% of the world total in 2023, and least concentrated in sesame seed, where the largest producer, India, produced 13% in 2024. Indonesia is the largest producer of 2 of the 10. In 4 of them the largest producer is not the largest exporter by value, as for coconut oil, where the Philippines produced 39% and Indonesia led exports of coconut and palm kernel oil (HS 1513) with 34%. Production years differ by commodity and sources are FAOSTAT, USGS or the Energy Institute; exports are CEPII BACI trade records.

In the twelve months to September 2026, 5 of 7 priced commodities in this category had a higher benchmark price, with the largest rise for soybeans (+30%) and the largest fall for coconut oil (-19.8%). These are monthly benchmark series in their own units, from the World Bank Pink Sheet, IMF or other sources named on each price page, and a twelve-month change says nothing about what comes next.

Commodities in this category

Oilseeds & vegetable oils commodities with top producers and latest prices
Commodity	Top producers	Latest price	12 months
Canola Seed of the rape plant, bred for low erucic acid (canola), crushed into cooking oil and biodiesel with a protein meal by-product.	Share of world canola production: Canada 22%, China 19%, India 15%, Rest of world 44%. Canada 22%, China 19%, India 15% (2024)	$1,440/t Rapeseed oil, crude, FOB Rotterdam	+14%
Coconut oil Oil pressed from dried coconut flesh (copra), used in food, soap and oleochemicals.	Share of world coconut oil production: Philippines 39%, Indonesia 21%, India 18%, Rest of world 23%. Philippines 39%, Indonesia 21%, India 18% (2023)	$2,083/t Philippines/Indonesia, CIF Rotterdam	-20%
Linseed The seed of the flax plant, crushed for a drying oil used in paint and linoleum and eaten whole as flaxseed.	Share of world linseed production: Russia 39%, Kazakhstan 25%, China 9.3%, Rest of world 26%. Russia 39%, Kazakhstan 25%, China 9% (2024)	—	—
Olive oil Oil pressed from olives without solvents, graded by acidity and defect rather than by refining.	Share of world olive oil production: Spain 33%, Italy 14%, Turkey 9%, Rest of world 45%. Spain 33%, Italy 14%, Turkey 9% (2023)	—	—
Palm kernel oil Oil pressed from the seed inside the oil palm fruit; chemically closer to coconut oil than to palm oil.	Share of world palm kernel oil production: Indonesia 59%, Malaysia 25%, Thailand 3.7%, Rest of world 12%. Indonesia 59%, Malaysia 25%, Thailand 4% (2023)	$2,355/t Malaysia, CIF Rotterdam	-2%
Palm oil Oil pressed from the fruit flesh of the oil palm; the world's most produced vegetable oil, used in food, soap and biodiesel.	Share of world palm oil production: Indonesia 59%, Malaysia 23%, Thailand 4.2%, Rest of world 13%. Indonesia 59%, Malaysia 23%, Thailand 4% (2023)	$1,180/t Malaysia, CIF Northwest Europe	+14%
Peanuts A legume grown underground, eaten whole, crushed for oil, or ground into paste and butter.	Share of world peanuts production: China 34%, India 21%, Nigeria 7.5%, Rest of world 38%. China 34%, India 21%, Nigeria 7% (2024)	$1,563/t Groundnuts, CIF Europe	+27%
Sesame seed A drought-tolerant oilseed pressed for oil and ground into tahini, grown across the Sahel and Asia.	Share of world sesame seed production: India 13%, Myanmar 11%, Sudan 9.4%, Rest of world 67%. India 13%, Myanmar 11%, Sudan 9% (2024)	—	—
Soybeans An oilseed legume crushed into meal (animal feed) and oil (cooking oil and biodiesel); the world's most traded farm product by value.	Share of world soybeans production: Brazil 36%, United States 30%, Argentina 12%, Rest of world 22%. Brazil 36%, United States 30%, Argentina 12% (2024)	$524/t US, CIF Rotterdam	+30%
Sunflower oil Oil pressed from sunflower seeds, a light cooking oil concentrated in the Black Sea basin.	Share of world sunflower oil production: Russia 31%, Ukraine 27%, Argentina 7.5%, Rest of world 35%. Russia 31%, Ukraine 27%, Argentina 8% (2023)	$1,390/t Sunflower oil, EU port	+6%

Price index since 1960

Oils and meals index

Source: World Bank Commodity Price Data (The Pink Sheet), monthly indices, 2010 = 100, published 2026-10-02. CC BY 4.0.

Indices are monthly averages and lag the market; informational only, not investment advice.

Which oilseeds & vegetable oils prices move together?

Within oilseeds & vegetable oils, coconut oil and palm kernel oil are the most closely linked: their monthly price changes correlate at 0.81. Correlation of monthly log price changes (not price levels), computed only over pairs with at least 90 overlapping months, the same method as the site-wide linked-prices report and the correlation calculator — this view is scoped to oilseeds & vegetable oils alone, which the site-wide report's top pairs rarely include.

Green: prices that rise and fall together. Brown: prices that move in opposite directions. Thicker and darker lines are stronger correlations.

Data updated 22 October 2026.