{"generated_at":"2026-10-22T09:35:11.466271+00:00","read_on":"2026-10-06","latest_year":2025,"groups":[{"id":"fuels","label":"Fuels"},{"id":"metals","label":"Metals"},{"id":"precious","label":"Precious metals"},{"id":"industrial","label":"Industrial minerals and fertilizers"}],"sources":{"usgs":"USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 (production and reserves)","ds140":"Kelly, T.D., and Matos, G.R., comps., Historical statistics for mineral and material commodities in the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 140","ds140_url":"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/national-minerals-information-center/historical-statistics-mineral-and-material-commodities","mcs_older":"USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2022-2025, world tables","ei":"Energy Institute, Statistical Review of World Energy 2026"},"items":[{"slug":"crude-oil","pages":["crude-oil"],"name":"Crude oil","group":"fuels","kind":"energy","unit":"billion barrels","to_tonnes":128000764.39089923,"history":{"production":[[1965,11.604046050000001],[1966,12.614739236999997],[1967,13.542836394000004],[1968,14.793097382000004],[1969,15.931761431],[1970,17.54729599119846],[1971,18.53661423951332],[1972,19.600714656362605],[1973,21.371406416468865],[1974,21.414945370927956],[1975,20.370928174533205],[1976,22.121108714424665],[1977,22.900219304669566],[1978,23.11265923389595],[1979,24.114606846049906],[1980,23.036804948273115],[1981,21.71504307325846],[1982,20.89175639748166],[1983,20.656021273599237],[1984,21.096301001584383],[1985,20.930788073804884],[1986,21.964173167125317],[1987,22.048319431528814],[1988,22.99962274358209],[1989,23.28391201475891],[1990,23.732987211299033],[1991,23.675909396677778],[1992,24.047666952869758],[1993,24.05063384244321],[1994,24.410076645756703],[1995,24.761966801002554],[1996,25.42897741261888],[1997,26.006305044933793],[1998,26.650243169705266],[1999,26.102915645938456],[2000,27.286315087957764],[2001,27.292640409470305],[2002,27.00642333503348],[2003,28.160310597220217],[2004,29.583474092663526],[2005,29.85787946232482],[2006,30.101362678061033],[2007,30.058029527437437],[2008,30.388608262953028],[2009,29.71079446987781],[2010,30.371966314005675],[2011,30.662108303299394],[2012,31.532908781757122],[2013,31.581647582215805],[2014,32.371466484680795],[2015,33.46867997220322],[2016,33.69994823474608],[2017,33.78822871242198],[2018,34.67544177712136],[2019,34.72142566161991],[2020,32.553165151682094],[2021,32.96512786541885],[2022,34.46853125883965],[2023,35.19969106871319],[2024,35.55893389411403],[2025,36.715187240655084]],"reserves":[[1980,682.6209854146093],[1981,691.141517042753],[1982,722.237089336469],[1983,734.139197041989],[1984,746.3617371251211],[1985,774.2558516654128],[1986,879.586139961747],[1987,911.1058324577067],[1988,999.490862891153],[1989,1000.1746964625406],[1990,1000.9058329848999],[1991,1072.8501421379565],[1992,1076.8570261812474],[1993,1076.3453260531428],[1994,1090.1580871891447],[1995,1098.7044868644998],[1996,1121.2540171414967],[1997,1149.183009649525],[1998,1157.6273126660656],[1999,1280.2638801609762],[2000,1300.9240758054448],[2001,1307.2038048080642],[2002,1357.0768103798237],[2003,1358.3118721470396],[2004,1365.2689870956451],[2005,1372.493974966718],[2006,1383.2656963682073],[2007,1418.3255828953709],[2008,1488.895257446836],[2009,1530.2887875204624],[2010,1636.8866640431672],[2011,1674.259660748456],[2012,1683.5667264094118],[2013,1691.894854854565],[2014,1694.437495537642],[2015,1683.9030182333377],[2016,1690.2813796538571],[2017,1728.1713079328013],[2018,1736.144019872424],[2019,1734.8105370071285],[2020,1732.3661753656183]]},"production":{"value":36.715187240655084,"year":2025,"item":"Oil Production - barrels"},"reserves":{"value":1732.3661753656183,"year":2020,"statistic":"Proved reserves (Energy Institute)","remaining_at_latest":1557.4587040378776},"years_static":42.420012563991186,"growth_rate":0.009868098394811842,"years_growing":35.60933066054923,"mined":{"since":1965,"through":2025,"value":1570.8476999167806},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":3128.306403954658,"mined_share":50.21399751414979,"replaced":{"from_year":1980,"to_year":2020,"reserves_then":682.6209854146093,"reserves_now":1732.3661753656183,"mined":1093.3264441987221,"net_added":2143.071634149731,"pct_of_mined":196.01388455580133,"label_then":"Energy Institute proved reserves","years_then":29.63175609410106},"ei_rp_check":{"year":2020,"ours":53.21652033814915,"energy_institute":53.54883902774549},"peak":{"year":2025,"value":36.715187240655084,"latest":36.715187240655084,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1965,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":0}},{"slug":"natural-gas","pages":["natural-gas"],"name":"Natural gas","group":"fuels","kind":"energy","unit":"trillion cubic metres","to_tonnes":null,"history":{"production":[[1970,0.9760879889673725],[1971,1.0441182521040082],[1972,1.0955470592776506],[1973,1.1482695765032935],[1974,1.1725124004696492],[1975,1.1750132413865142],[1976,1.225687199248719],[1977,1.2774292255767838],[1978,1.3206769980113087],[1979,1.4097207329900856],[1980,1.4283535623669399],[1981,1.4531269735449657],[1982,1.4597774544343096],[1983,1.4728349307416155],[1984,1.5988949846653853],[1985,1.6410804580117588],[1986,1.6835313335527062],[1987,1.767903757384336],[1988,1.845784362898839],[1989,1.9096992735546159],[1990,1.9697865745010312],[1991,1.9959686833976678],[1992,2.0018339805728362],[1993,2.0246296370054373],[1994,2.054251672666148],[1995,2.088349998158553],[1996,2.1899962567931572],[1997,2.1882970906417136],[1998,2.202370274513879],[1999,2.3102749719852915],[2000,2.401415130397298],[2001,2.457917745417023],[2002,2.5151436617181884],[2003,2.605198058286419],[2004,2.6938615483736488],[2005,2.758222517618583],[2006,2.852012703634459],[2007,2.9275635197062537],[2008,3.032716997997036],[2009,2.9408002999263556],[2010,3.128754931688496],[2011,3.256605632188263],[2012,3.3449455696859385],[2013,3.373034893209499],[2014,3.4438455245203485],[2015,3.5146199357562167],[2016,3.562668457352711],[2017,3.6935618610608],[2018,3.8667613316157867],[2019,3.985224290225501],[2020,3.877545597091335],[2021,4.04827989943117],[2022,4.0527708061766425],[2023,4.066094880689455],[2024,4.143200370298198],[2025,4.196471013073821]],"reserves":[[1980,70.88912024899123],[1981,73.46817919065239],[1982,75.80536326279967],[1983,77.39440726858466],[1984,80.21198451958374],[1985,82.4055621709287],[1986,88.3279218132746],[1987,90.83630065642349],[1988,94.75251971629616],[1989,105.46381134485516],[1990,108.36301268372898],[1991,114.15017420327439],[1992,116.84624981052521],[1993,118.01987241903682],[1994,118.82398911230305],[1995,119.0881790694644],[1996,122.33916100289998],[1997,125.03895968776575],[1998,128.52190623667283],[1999,131.90042986306477],[2000,138.02319320580088],[2001,152.48165219782138],[2002,153.8995401317063],[2003,154.58082749521623],[2004,155.01981620615624],[2005,153.39273965421313],[2006,155.2850564492172],[2007,162.6722146962351],[2008,165.96157628952656],[2009,168.97606094916785],[2010,179.94082908470924],[2011,181.91948303711985],[2012,180.79520524144172],[2013,181.29881261294278],[2014,183.16237267120746],[2015,181.1933896287376],[2016,183.5360545191992],[2017,187.82836778234136],[2018,189.05386040570963],[2019,190.2678766014053],[2020,188.07422608745472]]},"production":{"value":4.196471013073821,"year":2025,"item":"Gas Production - Bcm"},"reserves":{"value":188.07422608745472,"year":2020,"statistic":"Proved reserves (Energy Institute)","remaining_at_latest":167.56740911778542},"years_static":39.93055321858307,"growth_rate":0.018464791474461117,"years_growing":30.188340278245455,"mined":{"since":1970,"through":2025,"value":135.871046083066},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":303.4384552008514,"mined_share":44.77713478772178,"replaced":{"from_year":1980,"to_year":2020,"reserves_then":70.88912024899123,"reserves_now":188.07422608745472,"mined":102.09081287649441,"net_added":219.2759187149579,"pct_of_mined":214.7851628728136,"label_then":"Energy Institute proved reserves","years_then":49.62995305694489},"ei_rp_check":{"year":2020,"ours":48.503420882667356,"energy_institute":48.80401692315122},"peak":{"year":2025,"value":4.196471013073821,"latest":4.196471013073821,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1970,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":0}},{"slug":"coal","pages":["coal"],"name":"Coal","group":"fuels","kind":"energy","unit":"billion tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1981,3.916514190469868],[1982,4.055456920696184],[1983,4.063845025206744],[1984,4.260533663035076],[1985,4.462807305449013],[1986,4.578821144108696],[1987,4.668984985662722],[1988,4.77727471614881],[1989,4.867162037014235],[1990,4.764248379587057],[1991,4.5898474500856565],[1992,4.556621733427992],[1993,4.424775464808067],[1994,4.511908249140624],[1995,4.638648609991123],[1996,4.703562974187558],[1997,4.741282932089487],[1998,4.647607238390627],[1999,4.653880091866941],[2000,4.707667863958042],[2001,4.9205326485930945],[2002,4.966064012101709],[2003,5.320331162894332],[2004,5.72979365362483],[2005,6.088073428024141],[2006,6.420358566688264],[2007,6.6736606906991875],[2008,6.935261495314564],[2009,7.059704404152703],[2010,7.4718698469889855],[2011,7.9609939715510345],[2012,8.191678513583234],[2013,8.257421226723265],[2014,8.181821778493623],[2015,7.952365122537649],[2016,7.482846349085339],[2017,7.70508892186187],[2018,8.062851195638972],[2019,8.05023213179852],[2020,7.653286831413317],[2021,8.05601737853379],[2022,8.682500750078367],[2023,8.947556258915276],[2024,9.056976681506809],[2025,9.052741699145084]],"reserves":null},"production":{"value":9.052741699145084,"year":2025,"item":"Coal Production - mt"},"reserves":{"value":1074.108,"year":2020,"statistic":"Proved reserves (Energy Institute)","remaining_at_latest":1030.3122072318206},"years_static":113.81217331420386,"growth_rate":0.010425648088178807,"years_growing":75.42967381190391,"mined":null,"skip_reason":"The Energy Institute's coal production series starts in 1981; coal had been mined for centuries before that, so a total since then says little about how much was there.","known_stock":null,"mined_share":null,"replaced":null,"ei_rp_check":{"year":2020,"ours":140.34597469825218,"energy_institute":139.2168574311134},"peak":{"year":2024,"value":9.056976681506809,"latest":9.052741699145084,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1981,"pct_of_peak":99.95324066175006,"years_since":1}},{"slug":"copper","pages":["copper"],"name":"Copper","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,0.495],[1901,0.526],[1902,0.555],[1903,0.596],[1904,0.66],[1905,0.713],[1906,0.724],[1907,0.721],[1908,0.744],[1909,0.828],[1910,0.858],[1911,0.89],[1912,1.0],[1913,0.996],[1914,0.938],[1915,1.06],[1916,1.42],[1917,1.43],[1918,1.43],[1919,0.994],[1920,0.959],[1921,0.558],[1922,0.884],[1923,1.27],[1924,1.36],[1925,1.53],[1926,1.51],[1927,1.52],[1928,1.73],[1929,1.95],[1930,1.61],[1931,1.4],[1932,0.909],[1933,1.05],[1934,1.28],[1935,1.5],[1936,1.72],[1937,2.29],[1938,1.99],[1939,2.13],[1940,2.4],[1941,2.48],[1942,2.59],[1943,2.62],[1944,2.46],[1945,2.11],[1946,1.78],[1947,2.13],[1948,2.21],[1949,2.14],[1950,2.38],[1951,2.49],[1952,2.57],[1953,2.6],[1954,2.64],[1955,2.9],[1956,3.2],[1957,3.3],[1958,3.19],[1959,3.43],[1960,3.94],[1961,4.09],[1962,4.22],[1963,4.29],[1964,4.45],[1965,4.66],[1966,4.58],[1967,4.63],[1968,5.01],[1969,5.52],[1970,5.9],[1971,5.94],[1972,6.54],[1973,6.92],[1974,7.1],[1975,6.74],[1976,7.26],[1977,7.42],[1978,7.28],[1979,7.35],[1980,7.2],[1981,7.69],[1982,7.58],[1983,7.61],[1984,7.81],[1985,7.99],[1986,7.94],[1987,8.24],[1988,8.72],[1989,9.04],[1990,9.2],[1991,9.33],[1992,9.47],[1993,9.49],[1994,9.5],[1995,10.0],[1996,11.0],[1997,11.5],[1998,12.1],[1999,12.8],[2000,13.3],[2001,13.7],[2002,13.6],[2003,13.8],[2004,14.7],[2005,15.0],[2006,15.1],[2007,15.5],[2008,15.6],[2009,16.0],[2010,16.1],[2011,16.1],[2012,16.7],[2013,18.4],[2014,18.6],[2015,19.3],[2016,20.5],[2017,20.1],[2018,20.6],[2019,20.4],[2020,20.6],[2021,21.2],[2022,21.9],[2023,22.6],[2024,23.0],[2025,23.0]],"reserves":[[2022,890.0],[2023,1000.0],[2024,980.0],[2025,980.0]]},"production":{"value":23.0,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (copper content)"},"reserves":{"value":980.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":42.608695652173914,"growth_rate":0.019956317051107453,"years_growing":31.14174336089119,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":861.798},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":1841.798,"mined_share":46.7911247596099,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":890.0,"reserves_now":980.0,"mined":68.6,"net_added":158.6,"pct_of_mined":231.1953352769679,"label_then":"Mine production, recoverable copper content","years_then":40.63926940639269},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":21.0,"revised":21.2,"pct":0.952380952380949,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":22.0,"revised":21.9,"pct":-0.4545454545454519,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":22.0,"revised":22.6,"pct":2.7272727272727337,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":23.0,"revised":23.0,"pct":0.0,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2024,"value":23.0,"latest":23.0,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":1}},{"slug":"gold","pages":["gold"],"name":"Gold","group":"precious","kind":"mineral","unit":"thousand tonnes","to_tonnes":1000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,0.386],[1901,0.395],[1902,0.451],[1903,0.496],[1904,0.526],[1905,0.575],[1906,0.608],[1907,0.623],[1908,0.668],[1909,0.687],[1910,0.689],[1911,0.699],[1912,0.705],[1913,0.694],[1914,0.663],[1915,0.704],[1916,0.685],[1917,0.631],[1918,0.578],[1919,0.55],[1920,0.507],[1921,0.498],[1922,0.481],[1923,0.554],[1924,0.592],[1925,0.591],[1926,0.602],[1927,0.597],[1928,0.603],[1929,0.609],[1930,0.648],[1931,0.695],[1932,0.754],[1933,0.793],[1934,0.841],[1935,0.924],[1936,1.03],[1937,1.1],[1938,1.17],[1939,1.23],[1940,1.31],[1941,1.08],[1942,1.12],[1943,0.896],[1944,0.813],[1945,0.762],[1946,0.86],[1947,0.9],[1948,0.932],[1949,0.964],[1950,0.879],[1951,0.883],[1952,0.868],[1953,0.864],[1954,0.965],[1955,0.947],[1956,0.978],[1957,1.02],[1958,1.05],[1959,1.13],[1960,1.19],[1961,1.23],[1962,1.29],[1963,1.34],[1964,1.39],[1965,1.44],[1966,1.45],[1967,1.42],[1968,1.44],[1969,1.45],[1970,1.48],[1971,1.45],[1972,1.39],[1973,1.35],[1974,1.25],[1975,1.2],[1976,1.21],[1977,1.21],[1978,1.21],[1979,1.21],[1980,1.22],[1981,1.28],[1982,1.34],[1983,1.4],[1984,1.46],[1985,1.53],[1986,1.61],[1987,1.66],[1988,1.87],[1989,2.01],[1990,2.18],[1991,2.16],[1992,2.26],[1993,2.28],[1994,2.26],[1995,2.23],[1996,2.29],[1997,2.45],[1998,2.5],[1999,2.57],[2000,2.59],[2001,2.6],[2002,2.55],[2003,2.54],[2004,2.42],[2005,2.47],[2006,2.37],[2007,2.35],[2008,2.3],[2009,2.49],[2010,2.59],[2011,2.68],[2012,2.74],[2013,2.96],[2014,3.04],[2015,3.1],[2016,3.18],[2017,3.26],[2018,3.31],[2019,3.26],[2020,3.05],[2021,3.12],[2022,3.16],[2023,3.25],[2024,3.28],[2025,3.3]],"reserves":[[2022,52.0],[2023,59.0],[2024,64.0],[2025,66.0]]},"production":{"value":3.3,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production"},"reserves":{"value":66.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":20.0,"growth_rate":0.007746300605404821,"years_growing":18.66612815752201,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":185.173},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":251.173,"mined_share":73.72329032181007,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":52.0,"reserves_now":66.0,"mined":9.83,"net_added":23.83,"pct_of_mined":242.42115971515767,"label_then":"Gold - contained content, mine production, metric tons","years_then":16.455696202531644},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":3.0,"revised":3.09,"pct":3.0000000000000027,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":3.1,"revised":3.06,"pct":-1.2903225806451646,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":3.0,"revised":3.25,"pct":8.333333333333325,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":3.3,"revised":3.28,"pct":-0.60606060606061,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2018,"value":3.31,"latest":3.3,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":99.69788519637461,"years_since":7}},{"slug":"silver","pages":["silver"],"name":"Silver","group":"precious","kind":"mineral","unit":"thousand tonnes","to_tonnes":1000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,5.4],[1901,5.38],[1902,5.06],[1903,5.22],[1904,5.11],[1905,5.36],[1906,5.13],[1907,5.73],[1908,6.32],[1909,6.6],[1910,6.9],[1911,7.04],[1912,6.98],[1913,7.01],[1914,5.24],[1915,5.73],[1916,5.25],[1917,5.42],[1918,6.14],[1919,5.49],[1920,5.39],[1921,5.33],[1922,6.53],[1923,7.65],[1924,7.45],[1925,7.65],[1926,7.89],[1927,7.9],[1928,8.02],[1929,8.12],[1930,7.74],[1931,6.08],[1932,5.13],[1933,5.34],[1934,5.99],[1935,6.89],[1936,7.92],[1937,8.64],[1938,8.32],[1939,8.3],[1940,8.57],[1941,8.14],[1942,7.78],[1943,6.38],[1944,5.74],[1945,5.04],[1946,3.97],[1947,5.22],[1948,5.44],[1949,5.57],[1950,6.32],[1951,6.21],[1952,6.7],[1953,6.9],[1954,6.67],[1955,7.0],[1956,7.02],[1957,7.19],[1958,7.43],[1959,6.91],[1960,7.32],[1961,7.37],[1962,7.65],[1963,7.78],[1964,7.73],[1965,8.01],[1966,8.3],[1967,8.03],[1968,8.56],[1969,9.2],[1970,9.36],[1971,9.17],[1972,9.38],[1973,9.7],[1974,9.26],[1975,9.43],[1976,9.84],[1977,10.3],[1978,10.7],[1979,10.8],[1980,10.7],[1981,11.2],[1982,11.5],[1983,12.1],[1984,13.1],[1985,13.1],[1986,13.0],[1987,14.0],[1988,15.5],[1989,16.4],[1990,16.6],[1991,15.6],[1992,14.9],[1993,14.1],[1994,14.0],[1995,14.9],[1996,15.1],[1997,16.5],[1998,17.2],[1999,17.6],[2000,18.1],[2001,18.7],[2002,18.8],[2003,18.8],[2004,20.0],[2005,20.8],[2006,20.1],[2007,20.8],[2008,21.3],[2009,22.3],[2010,23.3],[2011,23.3],[2012,24.3],[2013,26.7],[2014,28.0],[2015,27.6],[2016,28.6],[2017,26.5],[2018,25.9],[2019,25.8],[2020,24.1],[2021,25.0],[2022,25.6],[2023,25.476],[2024,25.3],[2025,26.0]],"reserves":[[2022,550.0],[2023,610.0],[2024,640.0],[2025,610.0]]},"production":{"value":26.0,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production"},"reserves":{"value":610.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":23.46153846153846,"growth_rate":-0.006923820770963984,"years_growing":null,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":1465.156},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":2075.156,"mined_share":70.60461960450203,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":550.0,"reserves_now":610.0,"mined":76.776,"net_added":136.776,"pct_of_mined":178.14942169427945,"label_then":"Silver - mine production, contained silver - metric tons","years_then":21.484375},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":24.0,"revised":25.0,"pct":4.166666666666674,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":26.0,"revised":25.6,"pct":-1.538461538461533,"basis_change":true},{"year":2023,"first":26.0,"revised":25.476,"pct":-2.015384615384619,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":25.2,"revised":25.3,"pct":0.3968253968253954,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2016,"value":28.6,"latest":26.0,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":90.9090909090909,"years_since":9}},{"slug":"lead","pages":["lead"],"name":"Lead","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1945,1.25],[1946,1.03],[1947,1.31],[1948,1.38],[1949,1.37],[1950,1.64],[1951,1.6],[1952,1.81],[1953,1.87],[1954,2.0],[1955,2.01],[1956,2.4],[1957,2.38],[1958,2.35],[1959,2.32],[1960,2.39],[1961,2.39],[1962,2.51],[1963,2.56],[1964,2.53],[1965,2.7],[1966,2.85],[1967,2.87],[1968,3.01],[1969,3.24],[1970,3.39],[1971,3.49],[1972,3.45],[1973,3.49],[1974,3.49],[1975,3.44],[1976,3.69],[1977,3.41],[1978,3.46],[1979,3.51],[1980,3.52],[1981,3.35],[1982,3.45],[1983,3.35],[1984,3.2],[1985,3.39],[1986,3.24],[1987,3.43],[1988,3.42],[1989,3.4],[1990,3.37],[1991,3.26],[1992,3.2],[1993,2.9],[1994,2.8],[1995,2.71],[1996,2.92],[1997,3.1],[1998,3.06],[1999,3.08],[2000,3.2],[2001,3.12],[2002,2.85],[2003,3.2],[2004,3.15],[2005,3.47],[2006,3.63],[2007,3.71],[2008,3.88],[2009,3.78],[2010,4.16],[2011,4.75],[2012,5.08],[2013,4.93],[2014,4.63],[2015,4.94],[2016,4.67],[2017,4.57],[2018,4.52],[2019,4.65],[2020,4.43],[2021,4.55],[2022,4.46],[2023,4.37],[2024,4.6],[2025,4.5]],"reserves":[[2022,85.0],[2023,95.0],[2024,96.0],[2025,95.0]]},"production":{"value":4.5,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (lead content)"},"reserves":{"value":95.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":21.11111111111111,"growth_rate":-0.007341286044652895,"years_growing":null,"mined":{"since":1945,"through":2025,"value":260.54},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":355.54,"mined_share":73.28008100354391,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":85.0,"reserves_now":95.0,"mined":13.47,"net_added":23.47,"pct_of_mined":174.23904974016332,"label_then":"Mine production","years_then":19.05829596412556},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":4.3,"revised":4.55,"pct":5.813953488372103,"basis_change":false},{"year":2022,"first":4.5,"revised":4.46,"pct":-0.8888888888888835,"basis_change":true},{"year":2023,"first":4.5,"revised":4.37,"pct":-2.8888888888888853,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":4.3,"revised":4.6,"pct":6.976744186046502,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2012,"value":5.08,"latest":4.5,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1945,"pct_of_peak":88.58267716535433,"years_since":13}},{"slug":"zinc","pages":["zinc"],"name":"Zinc","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,0.479],[1901,0.51],[1902,0.547],[1903,0.574],[1904,0.629],[1905,0.66],[1906,0.704],[1907,0.738],[1908,0.723],[1909,0.775],[1910,0.81],[1911,0.895],[1912,0.971],[1913,0.939],[1914,0.795],[1915,0.76],[1916,0.882],[1917,0.901],[1918,0.849],[1919,0.719],[1920,0.682],[1921,0.464],[1922,0.73],[1923,0.889],[1924,0.986],[1925,1.19],[1926,1.41],[1927,1.42],[1928,1.36],[1929,1.32],[1930,1.26],[1931,0.904],[1932,0.709],[1933,0.892],[1934,1.06],[1935,1.21],[1936,1.33],[1937,1.47],[1938,1.42],[1939,1.5],[1940,1.47],[1941,1.59],[1942,1.63],[1943,1.83],[1944,1.87],[1945,1.47],[1946,1.44],[1947,1.6],[1948,1.69],[1949,1.73],[1950,2.15],[1951,2.36],[1952,2.59],[1953,2.67],[1954,2.66],[1955,2.9],[1956,3.11],[1957,3.15],[1958,2.95],[1959,3.02],[1960,3.09],[1961,3.49],[1962,3.57],[1963,3.66],[1964,4.03],[1965,4.31],[1966,4.5],[1967,4.84],[1968,4.97],[1969,5.34],[1970,5.46],[1971,5.52],[1972,5.44],[1973,5.71],[1974,5.78],[1975,5.85],[1976,5.69],[1977,5.92],[1978,5.85],[1979,5.99],[1980,5.95],[1981,5.95],[1982,6.13],[1983,6.28],[1984,6.52],[1985,6.76],[1986,6.84],[1987,7.19],[1988,6.77],[1989,6.82],[1990,7.15],[1991,7.27],[1992,7.25],[1993,6.91],[1994,7.05],[1995,7.28],[1996,7.48],[1997,7.54],[1998,7.57],[1999,7.96],[2000,8.77],[2001,8.91],[2002,8.88],[2003,9.52],[2004,9.6],[2005,10.0],[2006,10.3],[2007,11.1],[2008,11.9],[2009,11.6],[2010,12.3],[2011,12.5],[2012,13.3],[2013,13.2],[2014,13.5],[2015,13.3],[2016,13.8],[2017,13.7],[2018,13.1],[2019,13.6],[2020,13.8],[2021,13.3],[2022,12.9],[2023,12.1],[2024,11.9],[2025,13.0]],"reserves":[[2022,210.0],[2023,220.0],[2024,230.0],[2025,240.0]]},"production":{"value":13.0,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (zinc content)"},"reserves":{"value":240.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":18.46153846153846,"growth_rate":-0.007765842958610603,"years_growing":null,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":628.506},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":868.506,"mined_share":72.36633943806952,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":210.0,"reserves_now":240.0,"mined":37.0,"net_added":67.0,"pct_of_mined":181.08108108108107,"label_then":"Mine production, zinc content of concentrates and direct shipping ores","years_then":16.27906976744186},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":13.0,"revised":12.7,"pct":-2.3076923076923106,"basis_change":false},{"year":2022,"first":13.0,"revised":12.5,"pct":-3.8461538461538436,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":12.0,"revised":12.1,"pct":0.8333333333333304,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":12.0,"revised":11.9,"pct":-0.8333333333333304,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2016,"value":13.8,"latest":13.0,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":94.20289855072464,"years_since":9}},{"slug":"tin","pages":["tin"],"name":"Tin","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1905,0.0936],[1906,0.0984],[1907,0.0938],[1908,0.106],[1909,0.106],[1910,0.105],[1911,0.112],[1912,0.122],[1913,0.136],[1914,0.128],[1915,0.129],[1916,0.128],[1917,0.135],[1918,0.128],[1919,0.123],[1920,0.126],[1921,0.11],[1922,0.127],[1923,0.13],[1924,0.142],[1925,0.147],[1926,0.146],[1927,0.161],[1928,0.18],[1929,0.196],[1930,0.179],[1931,0.149],[1932,0.0965],[1933,0.0904],[1934,0.122],[1935,0.137],[1936,0.182],[1937,0.213],[1938,0.166],[1939,0.18],[1940,0.24],[1941,0.244],[1942,0.124],[1943,0.146],[1944,0.102],[1945,0.0884],[1946,0.0894],[1947,0.115],[1948,0.156],[1949,0.164],[1950,0.172],[1951,0.172],[1952,0.177],[1953,0.193],[1954,0.192],[1955,0.2],[1956,0.203],[1957,0.204],[1958,0.156],[1959,0.164],[1960,0.183],[1961,0.187],[1962,0.19],[1963,0.194],[1964,0.197],[1965,0.204],[1966,0.211],[1967,0.218],[1968,0.232],[1969,0.229],[1970,0.232],[1971,0.235],[1972,0.244],[1973,0.238],[1974,0.233],[1975,0.222],[1976,0.218],[1977,0.231],[1978,0.241],[1979,0.245],[1980,0.245],[1981,0.238],[1982,0.219],[1983,0.197],[1984,0.188],[1985,0.181],[1986,0.173],[1987,0.18],[1988,0.205],[1989,0.233],[1990,0.221],[1991,0.201],[1992,0.191],[1993,0.19],[1994,0.178],[1995,0.201],[1996,0.22],[1997,0.241],[1998,0.231],[1999,0.245],[2000,0.278],[2001,0.246],[2002,0.233],[2003,0.258],[2004,0.298],[2005,0.296],[2006,0.293],[2007,0.301],[2008,0.258],[2009,0.237],[2010,0.266],[2011,0.268],[2012,0.254],[2013,0.322],[2014,0.322],[2015,0.307],[2016,0.309],[2017,0.341],[2018,0.327],[2019,0.294],[2020,0.276],[2021,0.305],[2022,0.307],[2023,0.305],[2024,0.294],[2025,0.29]],"reserves":[[2022,4.6],[2023,4.3],[2024,4.2],[2025,6.004]]},"production":{"value":0.29,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (tin content)"},"reserves":{"value":6.004,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":true},"years_static":20.70344827586207,"growth_rate":-0.0067190085429249535,"years_growing":null,"mined":{"since":1905,"through":2025,"value":24.0725},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":30.0765,"mined_share":80.03757086097119,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":4.6,"reserves_now":6.004,"mined":0.889,"net_added":2.293,"pct_of_mined":257.9302587176603,"label_then":"Mine production, tin content","years_then":14.98371335504886},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":0.3,"revised":0.305,"pct":1.6666666666666607,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":0.31,"revised":0.307,"pct":-0.9677419354838679,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":0.29,"revised":0.305,"pct":5.1724137931034475,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":0.3,"revised":0.294,"pct":-2.0000000000000018,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2017,"value":0.341,"latest":0.29,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1905,"pct_of_peak":85.04398826979471,"years_since":8}},{"slug":"nickel","pages":["nickel"],"name":"Nickel","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,0.00929],[1901,0.0114],[1902,0.0122],[1903,0.0102],[1904,0.0105],[1905,0.0156],[1906,0.016],[1907,0.0163],[1908,0.0149],[1909,0.017],[1910,0.0231],[1911,0.0252],[1912,0.0279],[1913,0.0322],[1914,0.03],[1915,0.0391],[1916,0.0455],[1917,0.0462],[1918,0.0476],[1919,0.0231],[1920,0.0357],[1921,0.0104],[1922,0.0118],[1923,0.0311],[1924,0.0353],[1925,0.0371],[1926,0.0339],[1927,0.0345],[1928,0.0503],[1929,0.0563],[1930,0.0542],[1931,0.0363],[1932,0.0218],[1933,0.0463],[1934,0.0716],[1935,0.0774],[1936,0.0934],[1937,0.12],[1938,0.115],[1939,0.122],[1940,0.14],[1941,0.162],[1942,0.158],[1943,0.167],[1944,0.157],[1945,0.145],[1946,0.123],[1947,0.14],[1948,0.151],[1949,0.146],[1950,0.145],[1951,0.132],[1952,0.146],[1953,0.198],[1954,0.216],[1955,0.239],[1956,0.259],[1957,0.286],[1958,0.224],[1959,0.285],[1960,0.32],[1961,0.361],[1962,0.357],[1963,0.339],[1964,0.371],[1965,0.425],[1966,0.412],[1967,0.449],[1968,0.497],[1969,0.487],[1970,0.628],[1971,0.637],[1972,0.611],[1973,0.71],[1974,0.77],[1975,0.802],[1976,0.792],[1977,0.828],[1978,0.658],[1979,0.686],[1980,0.779],[1981,0.726],[1982,0.621],[1983,0.673],[1984,0.773],[1985,0.813],[1986,0.852],[1987,0.891],[1988,0.952],[1989,0.987],[1990,0.974],[1991,1.01],[1992,1.01],[1993,0.928],[1994,0.932],[1995,1.04],[1996,1.06],[1997,1.14],[1998,1.18],[1999,1.17],[2000,1.29],[2001,1.35],[2002,1.35],[2003,1.37],[2004,1.35],[2005,1.46],[2006,1.57],[2007,1.74],[2008,1.63],[2009,1.41],[2010,1.71],[2011,2.34],[2012,2.57],[2013,2.61],[2014,2.13],[2015,2.11],[2016,2.0],[2017,2.19],[2018,2.38],[2019,2.51],[2020,2.51],[2021,2.73],[2022,3.27],[2023,3.75],[2024,3.71],[2025,3.9]],"reserves":null},"production":{"value":3.9,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (nickel content)"},"reserves":{"value":140.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":true},"years_static":35.8974358974359,"growth_rate":0.05188624475001591,"years_growing":20.791240715104497,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":91.77769},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":231.77769,"mined_share":39.5972925608155,"replaced":null,"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":2.7,"revised":2.73,"pct":1.1111111111111072,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":3.3,"revised":3.27,"pct":-0.9090909090909038,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":3.6,"revised":3.75,"pct":4.166666666666674,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":3.7,"revised":3.71,"pct":0.2702702702702675,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2025,"value":3.9,"latest":3.9,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":0}},{"slug":"cobalt","pages":["cobalt"],"name":"Cobalt","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1901,0.00018],[1902,0.00054],[1903,0.00064],[1904,0.00054],[1905,0.00045],[1906,0.00045],[1907,0.00091],[1908,0.00136],[1909,0.00145],[1910,0.001],[1911,0.00082],[1912,0.00086],[1913,0.00082],[1914,0.00036],[1915,0.00023],[1916,0.00041],[1917,0.00036],[1918,0.00045],[1919,0.00036],[1920,0.00036],[1921,0.00018],[1922,0.00082],[1923,0.00064],[1924,0.00109],[1925,0.00109],[1926,0.00082],[1927,0.00118],[1928,0.00118],[1929,0.00136],[1930,0.00127],[1931,0.00091],[1932,0.00109],[1933,0.00127],[1934,0.00145],[1935,0.002],[1936,0.00272],[1937,0.0038],[1938,0.0045],[1939,0.0045],[1940,0.005],[1941,0.004],[1942,0.0035],[1943,0.0042],[1944,0.0039],[1945,0.0047],[1946,0.0035],[1947,0.005],[1948,0.0061],[1949,0.0059],[1950,0.00717],[1951,0.00844],[1952,0.0101],[1953,0.0113],[1954,0.0131],[1955,0.0133],[1956,0.0144],[1957,0.0144],[1958,0.0126],[1959,0.0148],[1960,0.0142],[1961,0.0144],[1962,0.0171],[1963,0.0145],[1964,0.0178],[1965,0.019],[1966,0.0218],[1967,0.0205],[1968,0.0196],[1969,0.0202],[1970,0.0242],[1971,0.0251],[1972,0.0248],[1973,0.0294],[1974,0.0309],[1975,0.0308],[1976,0.0214],[1977,0.0215],[1978,0.0268],[1979,0.0299],[1980,0.0313],[1981,0.0307],[1982,0.0246],[1983,0.0379],[1984,0.0409],[1985,0.0474],[1986,0.0502],[1987,0.0412],[1988,0.0438],[1989,0.0429],[1990,0.0423],[1991,0.0333],[1992,0.028],[1993,0.0219],[1994,0.018],[1995,0.0245],[1996,0.0262],[1997,0.0274],[1998,0.0363],[1999,0.0339],[2000,0.039],[2001,0.046],[2002,0.0534],[2003,0.0546],[2004,0.0603],[2005,0.0652],[2006,0.07],[2007,0.0737],[2008,0.0799],[2009,0.0812],[2010,0.11],[2011,0.102],[2012,0.0968],[2013,0.103],[2014,0.115],[2015,0.122],[2016,0.115],[2017,0.128],[2018,0.149],[2019,0.155],[2020,0.147],[2021,0.164],[2022,0.197],[2023,0.238],[2024,0.302],[2025,0.31]],"reserves":[[2022,8.3],[2023,11.0],[2024,11.0],[2025,12.0]]},"production":{"value":0.31,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (cobalt content)"},"reserves":{"value":12.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":38.70967741935484,"growth_rate":0.09595822638521723,"years_growing":16.923072066620687,"mined":{"since":1901,"through":2025,"value":4.51353},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":16.51353,"mined_share":27.332314774612094,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":8.3,"reserves_now":12.0,"mined":0.85,"net_added":4.55,"pct_of_mined":535.2941176470588,"label_then":"Mine production, metric tons of contained cobalt","years_then":42.131979695431475},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":0.17,"revised":0.165,"pct":-2.941176470588236,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":0.19,"revised":0.197,"pct":3.6842105263157787,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":0.23,"revised":0.238,"pct":3.4782608695652195,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":0.29,"revised":0.302,"pct":4.137931034482767,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2025,"value":0.31,"latest":0.31,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1901,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":0}},{"slug":"manganese","pages":["manganese"],"name":"Manganese","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,0.592],[1901,0.429],[1902,0.441],[1903,0.411],[1904,0.416],[1905,0.481],[1906,0.868],[1907,1.08],[1908,0.641],[1909,0.811],[1910,0.888],[1911,0.719],[1912,0.856],[1913,1.04],[1914,0.84],[1915,0.636],[1916,0.85],[1917,0.864],[1918,0.934],[1919,0.55],[1920,0.754],[1921,0.523],[1922,0.535],[1923,0.731],[1924,0.919],[1925,1.17],[1926,1.37],[1927,1.43],[1928,1.28],[1929,1.58],[1930,1.59],[1931,0.982],[1932,0.559],[1933,0.779],[1934,1.31],[1935,1.8],[1936,2.34],[1937,2.74],[1938,2.38],[1939,1.11],[1940,2.54],[1941,2.45],[1942,2.29],[1943,1.8],[1944,1.27],[1945,1.9],[1946,1.65],[1947,1.75],[1948,1.83],[1949,2.16],[1950,2.53],[1951,3.18],[1952,4.44],[1953,4.94],[1954,4.5],[1955,4.87],[1956,5.31],[1957,5.82],[1958,5.58],[1959,5.83],[1960,6.12],[1961,6.11],[1962,6.4],[1963,6.63],[1964,7.24],[1965,7.98],[1966,8.15],[1967,7.51],[1968,7.8],[1969,8.42],[1970,8.2],[1971,9.07],[1972,9.08],[1973,9.74],[1974,9.27],[1975,9.81],[1976,10.0],[1977,8.69],[1978,8.69],[1979,9.8],[1980,9.67],[1981,8.4],[1982,8.58],[1983,7.78],[1984,8.6],[1985,8.69],[1986,8.83],[1987,8.34],[1988,8.65],[1989,9.25],[1990,9.08],[1991,7.6],[1992,7.26],[1993,7.07],[1994,6.53],[1995,7.97],[1996,8.18],[1997,7.52],[1998,7.33],[1999,6.39],[2000,6.96],[2001,7.58],[2002,7.8],[2003,8.79],[2004,9.9],[2005,11.0],[2006,11.5],[2007,12.0],[2008,13.4],[2009,11.3],[2010,14.7],[2011,15.4],[2012,16.2],[2013,17.2],[2014,18.3],[2015,15.3],[2016,14.9],[2017,18.7],[2018,19.6],[2019,20.7],[2020,19.5],[2021,20.2],[2022,20.1],[2023,19.6],[2024,18.7],[2025,20.0]],"reserves":[[2022,1700.0],[2023,1900.0],[2024,1700.0],[2025,1798.0]]},"production":{"value":20.0,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (manganese content)"},"reserves":{"value":1798.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":89.9,"growth_rate":0.013865824948099403,"years_growing":58.7767962121066,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":822.629},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":2620.629,"mined_share":31.39051731473627,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":1700.0,"reserves_now":1798.0,"mined":58.3,"net_added":156.3,"pct_of_mined":268.0960548885077,"label_then":"Mine production, manganese content","years_then":84.57711442786069},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":20.0,"revised":20.1,"pct":0.49999999999998934,"basis_change":false},{"year":2022,"first":20.0,"revised":19.8,"pct":-1.0000000000000009,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":20.0,"revised":19.6,"pct":-2.0000000000000018,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":20.0,"revised":18.7,"pct":-6.499999999999995,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2019,"value":20.7,"latest":20.0,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":96.61835748792271,"years_since":6}},{"slug":"molybdenum","pages":["molybdenum"],"name":"Molybdenum","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,1e-05],[1901,2.2e-05],[1902,4.6e-05],[1903,0.000148],[1904,6.2e-05],[1905,9.08e-05],[1906,9.08e-05],[1907,9.08e-05],[1908,0.000136],[1909,9.1e-05],[1910,9.1e-05],[1911,9.1e-05],[1912,0.000181],[1913,9.1e-05],[1914,0.000136],[1915,0.000272],[1916,0.000454],[1917,0.00059],[1918,0.000816],[1919,0.000408],[1920,0.000181],[1921,4.5e-05],[1922,4.5e-05],[1923,0.000136],[1924,0.000272],[1925,0.00068],[1926,0.000816],[1927,0.00122],[1928,0.00172],[1929,0.002],[1930,0.00191],[1931,0.00159],[1932,0.00132],[1933,0.00299],[1934,0.00513],[1935,0.00653],[1936,0.00903],[1937,0.0148],[1938,0.0164],[1939,0.0156],[1940,0.0174],[1941,0.0203],[1942,0.029],[1943,0.0316],[1944,0.0215],[1945,0.0163],[1946,0.0108],[1947,0.014],[1948,0.0136],[1949,0.0114],[1950,0.0145],[1951,0.0203],[1952,0.0226],[1953,0.0284],[1954,0.0297],[1955,0.034],[1956,0.0319],[1957,0.0346],[1958,0.0262],[1959,0.0324],[1960,0.0404],[1961,0.0336],[1962,0.0269],[1963,0.034],[1964,0.0353],[1965,0.0447],[1966,0.0567],[1967,0.0643],[1968,0.0657],[1969,0.0723],[1970,0.0823],[1971,0.0776],[1972,0.0793],[1973,0.0817],[1974,0.0842],[1975,0.0818],[1976,0.0887],[1977,0.0951],[1978,0.1],[1979,0.104],[1980,0.111],[1981,0.109],[1982,0.095],[1983,0.0638],[1984,0.0977],[1985,0.0984],[1986,0.0932],[1987,0.0995],[1988,0.113],[1989,0.136],[1990,0.127],[1991,0.115],[1992,0.114],[1993,0.0992],[1994,0.108],[1995,0.136],[1996,0.127],[1997,0.138],[1998,0.135],[1999,0.129],[2000,0.135],[2001,0.132],[2002,0.122],[2003,0.131],[2004,0.159],[2005,0.186],[2006,0.186],[2007,0.212],[2008,0.221],[2009,0.221],[2010,0.246],[2011,0.264],[2012,0.272],[2013,0.281],[2014,0.305],[2015,0.289],[2016,0.279],[2017,0.285],[2018,0.279],[2019,0.279],[2020,0.289],[2021,0.266],[2022,0.253],[2023,0.248],[2024,0.256],[2025,0.26]],"reserves":[[2022,12.0],[2023,14.0],[2024,15.0],[2025,17.271]]},"production":{"value":0.26,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (molybdenum content)"},"reserves":{"value":17.271,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves (thousand metric tons)","lower_bound":false},"years_static":66.42692307692307,"growth_rate":-0.013474011498630811,"years_growing":null,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":10.1962324},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":27.467232399999997,"mined_share":37.12144074624716,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":12.0,"reserves_now":17.271,"mined":0.764,"net_added":6.035,"pct_of_mined":789.9214659685864,"label_then":"Mine production, contained molybdenum","years_then":47.430830039525695},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":0.3,"revised":0.255,"pct":-15.000000000000002,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":0.25,"revised":0.253,"pct":1.200000000000001,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":0.26,"revised":0.248,"pct":-4.61538461538461,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":0.26,"revised":0.256,"pct":-1.538461538461533,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2014,"value":0.305,"latest":0.26,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":85.24590163934427,"years_since":11}},{"slug":"lithium","pages":["lithium"],"name":"Lithium","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[2000,0.0141],[2001,0.0131],[2002,0.0141],[2003,0.0166],[2004,0.0177],[2005,0.0203],[2006,0.0224],[2007,0.0233],[2008,0.0247],[2009,0.0175],[2010,0.0244],[2011,0.031],[2012,0.0327],[2013,0.0303],[2014,0.0316],[2015,0.0322],[2016,0.0402],[2017,0.0764],[2018,0.0918],[2019,0.0838],[2020,0.0827],[2021,0.107],[2022,0.146],[2023,0.204],[2024,0.222],[2025,0.29]],"reserves":[[2022,26.0],[2023,28.0],[2024,30.0],[2025,37.0]]},"production":{"value":0.29,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (lithium content)"},"reserves":{"value":37.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":127.58620689655173,"growth_rate":0.22498942589493276,"years_growing":16.711658424641186,"mined":{"since":2000,"through":2025,"value":1.7099},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":38.7099,"mined_share":4.417216267673128,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":26.0,"reserves_now":37.0,"mined":0.716,"net_added":11.716,"pct_of_mined":1636.3128491620114,"label_then":"Mine production, lithium content","years_then":178.08219178082192},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":0.1,"revised":0.107,"pct":7.000000000000006,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":0.13,"revised":0.146,"pct":12.307692307692308,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":0.18,"revised":0.204,"pct":13.33333333333333,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":0.24,"revised":0.222,"pct":-7.499999999999996,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2025,"value":0.29,"latest":0.29,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":2000,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":0}},{"slug":"rare-earths","pages":["rare-earths"],"name":"Rare earths","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,0.00104],[1901,0.00109],[1902,0.000863],[1903,0.00203],[1904,0.00286],[1905,0.00278],[1906,0.0026],[1907,0.00258],[1908,0.00284],[1909,0.00369],[1910,0.00302],[1911,0.00249],[1912,0.0025],[1913,0.00148],[1914,0.000992],[1915,0.00087],[1916,0.000731],[1917,0.00173],[1918,0.00147],[1919,0.00121],[1920,0.00159],[1921,0.000929],[1922,0.000189],[1923,0.000138],[1924,0.000348],[1925,1.2e-05],[1926,0.000146],[1927,0.000352],[1928,0.00018],[1929,0.000197],[1930,1.7e-05],[1931,5e-05],[1932,0.00053],[1933,0.000302],[1934,0.000564],[1935,0.00213],[1936,0.00184],[1937,0.00215],[1938,0.00331],[1939,0.00251],[1940,0.00237],[1941,0.00238],[1942,0.0015],[1943,0.0019],[1944,0.0032],[1945,0.00144],[1946,0.000721],[1947,0.0013],[1948,0.00272],[1949,0.00129],[1950,0.00047],[1951,0.00124],[1952,0.00182],[1953,0.00396],[1954,0.00784],[1955,0.00576],[1956,0.00523],[1957,0.00598],[1958,0.00806],[1959,0.00281],[1960,0.00227],[1961,0.00369],[1962,0.00802],[1963,0.00606],[1964,0.00368],[1965,0.00696],[1966,0.0162],[1967,0.0169],[1968,0.0162],[1969,0.0181],[1970,0.0159],[1971,0.0164],[1972,0.0182],[1973,0.024],[1974,0.0256],[1975,0.0221],[1976,0.0197],[1977,0.0245],[1978,0.0265],[1979,0.0288],[1980,0.0273],[1981,0.0306],[1982,0.0266],[1983,0.0314],[1984,0.0414],[1985,0.0435],[1986,0.0399],[1987,0.0469],[1988,0.0553],[1989,0.0607],[1990,0.0529],[1991,0.0417],[1992,0.0501],[1993,0.0467],[1994,0.0551],[1995,0.0743],[1996,0.0797],[1997,0.0683],[1998,0.0771],[1999,0.0866],[2000,0.0909],[2001,0.0945],[2002,0.0982],[2003,0.0971],[2004,0.102],[2005,0.122],[2006,0.137],[2007,0.124],[2008,0.132],[2009,0.135],[2010,0.101],[2011,0.104],[2012,0.106],[2013,0.107],[2014,0.125],[2015,0.129],[2016,0.133],[2017,0.147],[2018,0.19],[2019,0.219],[2020,0.243],[2021,0.29],[2022,0.3],[2023,0.376],[2024,0.383],[2025,0.39]],"reserves":null},"production":{"value":0.39,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (rare-earth oxide equivalent)"},"reserves":{"value":75.29,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":true},"years_static":193.05128205128204,"growth_rate":0.12274539557337993,"years_growing":27.696774730369793,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":5.949921},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":81.239921,"mined_share":7.3238882150070035,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":130.0,"reserves_now":75.29,"mined":1.149,"net_added":-53.561,"pct_of_mined":-4661.531766753699,"label_then":"Rare earths, mine production, rare-earth-oxide equivalent, metric tons","years_then":433.3333333333333},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":0.28,"revised":0.29,"pct":3.571428571428581,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":0.3,"revised":0.3,"pct":0.0,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":0.35,"revised":0.376,"pct":7.428571428571429,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":0.39,"revised":0.383,"pct":-1.7948717948717996,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2025,"value":0.39,"latest":0.39,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":0}},{"slug":"graphite","pages":["graphite"],"name":"Graphite","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,0.0816],[1901,0.0771],[1902,0.0816],[1903,0.0771],[1904,0.0771],[1905,0.0907],[1906,0.104],[1907,0.109],[1908,0.0953],[1909,0.0953],[1910,0.0953],[1911,0.109],[1912,0.118],[1913,0.136],[1914,0.104],[1915,0.113],[1916,0.172],[1917,0.209],[1918,0.181],[1919,0.122],[1920,0.118],[1921,0.0907],[1922,0.104],[1923,0.0953],[1924,0.0953],[1925,0.122],[1926,0.136],[1927,0.154],[1928,0.15],[1929,0.15],[1930,0.118],[1931,0.0771],[1932,0.0726],[1933,0.0862],[1934,0.109],[1935,0.145],[1936,0.15],[1937,0.159],[1938,0.177],[1939,0.222],[1940,0.254],[1941,0.231],[1942,0.272],[1943,0.277],[1944,0.263],[1945,0.136],[1946,0.0953],[1947,0.122],[1948,0.163],[1949,0.168],[1950,0.159],[1951,0.195],[1952,0.177],[1953,0.168],[1954,0.168],[1955,0.272],[1956,0.263],[1957,0.372],[1958,0.318],[1959,0.372],[1960,0.435],[1961,0.413],[1962,0.535],[1963,0.679],[1964,0.62],[1965,0.607],[1966,0.484],[1967,0.358],[1968,0.437],[1969,0.376],[1970,0.393],[1971,0.394],[1972,0.361],[1973,0.395],[1974,0.497],[1975,0.451],[1976,0.449],[1977,0.493],[1978,0.534],[1979,0.626],[1980,0.597],[1981,0.589],[1982,0.562],[1983,0.604],[1984,0.625],[1985,0.584],[1986,0.625],[1987,0.643],[1988,0.575],[1989,1.01],[1990,0.946],[1991,0.771],[1992,0.67],[1993,0.648],[1994,0.517],[1995,0.584],[1996,0.555],[1997,0.685],[1998,0.651],[1999,0.692],[2000,0.846],[2001,0.816],[2002,0.932],[2003,0.999],[2004,1.01],[2005,1.03],[2006,1.02],[2007,1.12],[2008,1.05],[2009,0.746],[2010,1.04],[2011,1.19],[2012,1.21],[2013,0.699],[2014,0.905],[2015,0.917],[2016,0.917],[2017,1.27],[2018,1.49],[2019,1.52],[2020,1.3],[2021,1.52],[2022,1.68],[2023,1.53],[2024,1.55],[2025,1.8]],"reserves":[[2022,330.0],[2023,280.0],[2024,290.0],[2025,310.0]]},"production":{"value":1.8,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production"},"reserves":{"value":310.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":172.22222222222223,"growth_rate":0.06827901579881956,"years_growing":38.55094545954358,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":62.0016},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":372.0016,"mined_share":16.66702508806414,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":330.0,"reserves_now":310.0,"mined":4.88,"net_added":-15.12,"pct_of_mined":-309.8360655737705,"label_then":"Mine production, graphite","years_then":196.42857142857142},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":1.0,"revised":1.13,"pct":12.99999999999999,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":1.3,"revised":1.68,"pct":29.230769230769237,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":1.6,"revised":1.53,"pct":-4.374999999999996,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":1.6,"revised":1.55,"pct":-3.125,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2025,"value":1.8,"latest":1.8,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":0}},{"slug":"tungsten","pages":["tungsten"],"name":"Tungsten","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"thousand tonnes","to_tonnes":1000.0,"history":{"production":[[1905,1.7],[1906,1.9],[1907,2.6],[1908,1.8],[1909,2.5],[1910,3.3],[1911,3.2],[1912,4.2],[1913,3.9],[1914,3.5],[1915,5.2],[1916,10.0],[1917,12.3],[1918,15.2],[1919,7.0],[1920,5.5],[1921,2.3],[1922,3.0],[1923,3.3],[1924,2.9],[1925,4.9],[1926,5.8],[1927,4.4],[1928,5.5],[1929,7.5],[1930,7.9],[1931,6.4],[1932,3.2],[1933,5.9],[1934,7.8],[1935,10.7],[1936,11.8],[1937,18.5],[1938,17.8],[1939,20.1],[1940,20.7],[1941,23.9],[1942,24.1],[1943,28.6],[1944,23.4],[1945,10.9],[1946,9.04],[1947,13.7],[1948,17.8],[1949,15.8],[1950,18.3],[1951,24.8],[1952,32.7],[1953,34.4],[1954,33.8],[1955,35.7],[1956,35.8],[1957,29.1],[1958,24.2],[1959,26.4],[1960,31.2],[1961,33.0],[1962,31.3],[1963,27.1],[1964,28.1],[1965,27.0],[1966,28.6],[1967,28.5],[1968,31.0],[1969,32.5],[1970,32.4],[1971,35.4],[1972,38.5],[1973,37.9],[1974,37.6],[1975,38.3],[1976,38.0],[1977,41.1],[1978,46.1],[1979,48.6],[1980,52.0],[1981,50.3],[1982,47.0],[1983,40.9],[1984,46.2],[1985,46.6],[1986,43.5],[1987,42.5],[1988,50.9],[1989,51.0],[1990,51.9],[1991,48.2],[1992,42.9],[1993,34.3],[1994,34.0],[1995,38.5],[1996,34.7],[1997,33.2],[1998,37.0],[1999,37.7],[2000,44.0],[2001,50.8],[2002,47.0],[2003,47.2],[2004,66.3],[2005,59.5],[2006,56.6],[2007,53.6],[2008,61.9],[2009,61.2],[2010,68.4],[2011,73.9],[2012,77.7],[2013,79.4],[2014,82.1],[2015,83.7],[2016,78.4],[2017,81.4],[2018,82.2],[2019,83.8],[2020,78.4],[2021,83.8],[2022,79.8],[2023,79.5],[2024,82.0],[2025,85.0]],"reserves":[[2022,3800.0],[2023,4400.0],[2024,4600.0],[2025,4698.4]]},"production":{"value":85.0,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (tungsten content)"},"reserves":{"value":4698.4,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":true},"years_static":55.27529411764706,"growth_rate":0.000528918770298592,"years_growing":54.497094615994754,"mined":{"since":1905,"through":2025,"value":4099.74},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":8798.14,"mined_share":46.597803626675635,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":3800.0,"reserves_now":4698.4,"mined":246.5,"net_added":1144.9,"pct_of_mined":464.46247464503045,"label_then":"Mine production, contained tungsten","years_then":47.61904761904762},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":79.0,"revised":83.8,"pct":6.075949367088618,"basis_change":false},{"year":2022,"first":84.0,"revised":79.8,"pct":-5.000000000000004,"basis_change":true},{"year":2023,"first":78.0,"revised":79.5,"pct":1.9230769230769162,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":81.0,"revised":82.0,"pct":1.2345679012345734,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2025,"value":85.0,"latest":85.0,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1905,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":0}},{"slug":"vanadium","pages":["vanadium"],"name":"Vanadium","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"thousand tonnes","to_tonnes":1000.0,"history":{"production":[[1960,5.04],[1961,7.85],[1962,6.08],[1963,6.5],[1964,7.17],[1965,8.3],[1966,8.44],[1967,9.61],[1968,11.4],[1969,10.3],[1970,14.9],[1971,15.8],[1972,15.5],[1973,16.0],[1974,20.4],[1975,21.6],[1976,29.2],[1977,29.0],[1978,29.4],[1979,37.7],[1980,35.9],[1981,35.3],[1982,27.2],[1983,27.2],[1984,31.1],[1985,31.0],[1986,32.0],[1987,32.0],[1988,33.0],[1989,33.0],[1990,33.2],[1991,26.4],[1992,26.7],[1993,25.0],[1994,32.0],[1995,36.0],[1996,35.1],[1997,37.1],[1998,42.7],[1999,36.3],[2000,41.0],[2001,41.8],[2002,51.0],[2003,47.9],[2004,51.9],[2005,56.4],[2006,57.9],[2007,58.5],[2008,61.6],[2009,58.8],[2010,71.7],[2011,71.5],[2012,74.9],[2013,81.4],[2014,91.8],[2015,85.7],[2016,78.2],[2017,87.7],[2018,89.8],[2019,92.8],[2020,105.0],[2021,105.0],[2022,102.0],[2023,104.0],[2024,118.0],[2025,113.3]],"reserves":[[2022,26000.0],[2023,19000.0],[2024,18000.0],[2025,21464.0]]},"production":{"value":113.3,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (vanadium content)"},"reserves":{"value":21464.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":189.44395410414828,"growth_rate":0.026195604944371897,"years_growing":69.04944108893665,"mined":{"since":1960,"through":2025,"value":2957.99},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":24421.99,"mined_share":12.111994149534906,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":26000.0,"reserves_now":21464.0,"mined":335.3,"net_added":-4200.7,"pct_of_mined":-1252.8183716075157,"label_then":"Mine production, vanadium content","years_then":254.90196078431373},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":110.0,"revised":105.0,"pct":-4.545454545454541,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":100.0,"revised":102.0,"pct":2.0000000000000018,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":100.0,"revised":104.0,"pct":4.0000000000000036,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":100.0,"revised":118.0,"pct":17.999999999999993,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2024,"value":118.0,"latest":113.3,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1960,"pct_of_peak":96.01694915254238,"years_since":1}},{"slug":"niobium","pages":["niobium"],"name":"Niobium","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"thousand tonnes","to_tonnes":1000.0,"history":{"production":[[1964,2.48],[1965,3.12],[1966,5.06],[1967,5.15],[1968,4.95],[1969,6.61],[1970,8.46],[1971,3.74],[1972,5.95],[1973,14.7],[1974,9.34],[1975,7.86],[1976,9.47],[1977,8.8],[1978,9.67],[1979,14.4],[1980,15.1],[1981,14.8],[1982,10.6],[1983,8.58],[1984,13.9],[1985,14.8],[1986,14.6],[1987,9.36],[1988,16.9],[1989,14.1],[1990,15.3],[1991,15.7],[1992,15.3],[1993,12.4],[1994,15.7],[1995,15.6],[1996,16.2],[1997,20.5],[1998,26.2],[1999,24.6],[2000,24.8],[2001,31.1],[2002,33.3],[2003,40.4],[2004,27.6],[2005,43.1],[2006,52.8],[2007,62.2],[2008,106.0],[2009,67.1],[2010,49.1],[2011,50.2],[2012,62.7],[2013,59.7],[2014,69.2],[2015,65.7],[2016,58.4],[2017,66.8],[2018,78.7],[2019,96.9],[2020,67.5],[2021,87.6],[2022,83.7],[2023,110.0],[2024,112.0],[2025,112.0]],"reserves":null},"production":{"value":112.0,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (niobium content)"},"reserves":{"value":21353.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":true},"years_static":190.65178571428572,"growth_rate":0.055505165646783095,"years_growing":45.34412006585675,"mined":{"since":1964,"through":2025,"value":2148.6},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":23501.6,"mined_share":9.142356265105354,"replaced":null,"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":75.0,"revised":87.6,"pct":16.799999999999994,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":79.0,"revised":83.7,"pct":5.949367088607604,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":83.0,"revised":110.0,"pct":32.53012048192772,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":110.0,"revised":112.0,"pct":1.8181818181818077,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2024,"value":112.0,"latest":112.0,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1964,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":1}},{"slug":"fluorspar","pages":["fluorspar"],"name":"Fluorspar","group":"industrial","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1913,0.171],[1914,0.121],[1915,0.163],[1916,0.201],[1917,0.279],[1918,0.313],[1919,0.196],[1920,0.264],[1921,0.0925],[1922,0.208],[1923,0.215],[1924,0.255],[1925,0.263],[1926,0.31],[1927,0.317],[1928,0.345],[1929,0.376],[1930,0.291],[1931,0.166],[1932,0.128],[1933,0.229],[1934,0.286],[1935,0.34],[1936,0.455],[1937,0.519],[1938,0.456],[1939,0.577],[1940,0.616],[1941,0.698],[1942,0.883],[1943,1.04],[1944,1.04],[1945,0.674],[1946,0.524],[1947,0.655],[1948,0.795],[1949,0.71],[1950,0.844],[1951,1.03],[1952,1.18],[1953,1.21],[1954,1.22],[1955,1.41],[1956,1.7],[1957,1.83],[1958,1.84],[1959,1.72],[1960,2.02],[1961,2.06],[1962,2.15],[1963,2.15],[1964,2.46],[1965,2.77],[1966,2.84],[1967,3.17],[1968,3.64],[1969,3.89],[1970,4.19],[1971,4.76],[1972,4.53],[1973,4.58],[1974,4.86],[1975,4.52],[1976,4.32],[1977,4.38],[1978,4.67],[1979,4.61],[1980,5.01],[1981,5.1],[1982,4.53],[1983,4.23],[1984,4.83],[1985,4.98],[1986,4.85],[1987,4.6],[1988,5.28],[1989,5.56],[1990,5.12],[1991,4.3],[1992,4.12],[1993,4.18],[1994,3.75],[1995,4.04],[1996,4.18],[1997,4.18],[1998,4.43],[1999,4.3],[2000,4.45],[2001,4.59],[2002,4.45],[2003,4.85],[2004,5.22],[2005,5.36],[2006,5.66],[2007,5.72],[2008,6.92],[2009,6.29],[2010,7.0],[2011,9.08],[2012,7.93],[2013,7.1],[2014,6.73],[2015,6.14],[2016,5.64],[2017,6.71],[2018,7.89],[2019,8.58],[2020,8.24],[2021,8.68],[2022,8.32],[2023,9.53],[2024,10.3],[2025,10.0]],"reserves":[[2022,260.0],[2023,280.0],[2024,320.0],[2025,330.0]]},"production":{"value":10.0,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production"},"reserves":{"value":330.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":33.0,"growth_rate":0.04094436573830751,"years_growing":21.304405946365357,"mined":{"since":1913,"through":2025,"value":374.6755},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":704.6755,"mined_share":53.169934246330406,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":260.0,"reserves_now":330.0,"mined":29.83,"net_added":99.83,"pct_of_mined":334.66309084813946,"label_then":"Mine production, fluorspar","years_then":31.25},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":8.6,"revised":8.68,"pct":0.9302325581395321,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":8.3,"revised":8.32,"pct":0.24096385542169418,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":8.8,"revised":9.53,"pct":8.29545454545455,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":9.5,"revised":10.3,"pct":8.421052631578952,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2024,"value":10.3,"latest":10.0,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1913,"pct_of_peak":97.08737864077669,"years_since":1}},{"slug":"phosphate-rock","pages":["phosphate-rock"],"name":"Phosphate rock","group":"industrial","kind":"mineral","unit":"billion tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1900,0.00315],[1901,0.003],[1902,0.00312],[1903,0.00345],[1904,0.00387],[1905,0.00385],[1906,0.00419],[1907,0.00472],[1908,0.00538],[1909,0.00495],[1910,0.00543],[1911,0.00594],[1912,0.00673],[1913,0.00723],[1914,0.00542],[1915,0.00412],[1916,0.00483],[1917,0.00471],[1918,0.00419],[1919,0.00415],[1920,0.00687],[1921,0.00543],[1922,0.00594],[1923,0.00712],[1924,0.00778],[1925,0.0089],[1926,0.00938],[1927,0.00999],[1928,0.0101],[1929,0.0104],[1930,0.0118],[1931,0.00786],[1932,0.00711],[1933,0.0089],[1934,0.00951],[1935,0.0105],[1936,0.0113],[1937,0.0129],[1938,0.0129],[1939,0.0128],[1940,0.0103],[1941,0.0108],[1942,0.0088],[1943,0.00925],[1944,0.00933],[1945,0.0109],[1946,0.0153],[1947,0.0183],[1948,0.0194],[1949,0.0197],[1950,0.0234],[1951,0.0246],[1952,0.0264],[1953,0.0272],[1954,0.0305],[1955,0.0305],[1956,0.0342],[1957,0.0332],[1958,0.0337],[1959,0.0384],[1960,0.0418],[1961,0.0455],[1962,0.0633],[1963,0.0546],[1964,0.0637],[1965,0.0714],[1966,0.0845],[1967,0.0873],[1968,0.0941],[1969,0.0921],[1970,0.0951],[1971,0.094],[1972,0.101],[1973,0.111],[1974,0.123],[1975,0.109],[1976,0.109],[1977,0.121],[1978,0.127],[1979,0.134],[1980,0.147],[1981,0.145],[1982,0.129],[1983,0.143],[1984,0.154],[1985,0.151],[1986,0.141],[1987,0.147],[1988,0.166],[1989,0.163],[1990,0.162],[1991,0.15],[1992,0.139],[1993,0.119],[1994,0.127],[1995,0.13],[1996,0.135],[1997,0.143],[1998,0.144],[1999,0.137],[2000,0.132],[2001,0.126],[2002,0.136],[2003,0.138],[2004,0.142],[2005,0.152],[2006,0.151],[2007,0.16],[2008,0.166],[2009,0.162],[2010,0.183],[2011,0.2],[2012,0.216],[2013,0.232],[2014,0.235],[2015,0.261],[2016,0.265],[2017,0.252],[2018,0.224],[2019,0.224],[2020,0.221],[2021,0.238],[2022,0.228],[2023,0.233],[2024,0.239],[2025,0.25]],"reserves":[[2022,72.0],[2023,74.0],[2024,74.0],[2025,73.0]]},"production":{"value":0.25,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production"},"reserves":{"value":73.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":292.0,"growth_rate":-0.0008272485714628797,"years_growing":null,"mined":{"since":1900,"through":2025,"value":10.5745},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":83.5745,"mined_share":12.652782846442395,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":72.0,"reserves_now":73.0,"mined":0.722,"net_added":1.722,"pct_of_mined":238.50415512465375,"label_then":"Mine production, phosphate rock ore","years_then":315.7894736842105},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":0.22,"revised":0.226,"pct":2.7272727272727337,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":0.22,"revised":0.228,"pct":3.6363636363636376,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":0.22,"revised":0.233,"pct":5.909090909090908,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":0.24,"revised":0.239,"pct":-0.4166666666666652,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2016,"value":0.265,"latest":0.25,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1900,"pct_of_peak":94.33962264150942,"years_since":9}},{"slug":"potash","pages":["potash"],"name":"Potash","group":"industrial","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":[[1919,0.122],[1920,0.224],[1921,0.994],[1922,1.4],[1923,1.25],[1924,1.1],[1925,1.59],[1926,1.71],[1927,2.0],[1928,2.03],[1929,2.2],[1930,2.05],[1931,1.4],[1932,1.25],[1933,1.67],[1934,1.98],[1935,2.27],[1936,2.31],[1937,2.82],[1938,3.01],[1939,2.73],[1940,2.81],[1941,3.21],[1942,3.17],[1943,3.27],[1944,3.04],[1945,1.91],[1946,2.31],[1947,2.62],[1948,2.94],[1949,2.54],[1950,3.13],[1951,5.08],[1952,5.62],[1953,5.9],[1954,6.62],[1955,7.26],[1956,7.53],[1957,7.89],[1958,7.98],[1959,8.53],[1960,9.07],[1961,9.71],[1962,9.8],[1963,11.3],[1964,12.3],[1965,13.7],[1966,14.6],[1967,15.7],[1968,16.2],[1969,17.4],[1970,18.2],[1971,19.9],[1972,20.0],[1973,18.9],[1974,21.1],[1975,24.7],[1976,24.3],[1977,25.2],[1978,26.1],[1979,25.7],[1980,27.9],[1981,27.1],[1982,24.5],[1983,27.4],[1984,29.3],[1985,29.2],[1986,28.8],[1987,30.5],[1988,31.8],[1989,29.3],[1990,27.5],[1991,26.1],[1992,23.9],[1993,20.4],[1994,23.1],[1995,24.7],[1996,23.9],[1997,25.5],[1998,26.0],[1999,27.2],[2000,27.0],[2001,26.4],[2002,27.1],[2003,28.6],[2004,32.1],[2005,33.8],[2006,30.4],[2007,34.9],[2008,33.7],[2009,20.8],[2010,33.9],[2011,35.8],[2012,32.8],[2013,35.6],[2014,40.8],[2015,40.4],[2016,38.7],[2017,42.1],[2018,43.5],[2019,42.1],[2020,44.7],[2021,47.0],[2022,40.9],[2023,43.3],[2024,46.7],[2025,49.0]],"reserves":null},"production":{"value":49.0,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (K2O equivalent)"},"reserves":{"value":5922.3,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves: K2O equivalent","lower_bound":true},"years_static":120.86326530612244,"growth_rate":0.017553367177463697,"years_growing":65.41729554919381,"mined":{"since":1919,"through":2025,"value":1969.55},"skip_reason":null,"known_stock":7891.85,"mined_share":24.956759188276514,"replaced":null,"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":46.0,"revised":46.3,"pct":0.6521739130434856,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":40.0,"revised":40.9,"pct":2.2499999999999964,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":39.0,"revised":43.3,"pct":11.02564102564103,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":48.0,"revised":46.7,"pct":-2.708333333333335,"basis_change":false}],"peak":{"year":2025,"value":49.0,"latest":49.0,"latest_year":2025,"from_year":1919,"pct_of_peak":100.0,"years_since":0}},{"slug":"antimony","pages":["antimony"],"name":"Antimony","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"thousand tonnes","to_tonnes":1000.0,"history":{"production":null,"reserves":null},"production":{"value":110.72,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (antimony content)"},"reserves":{"value":2395.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":true},"years_static":21.63114161849711,"growth_rate":null,"years_growing":null,"mined":null,"skip_reason":"USGS's world antimony series breaks in 2019-2020 (162,000 t, then 111,000 t on a revised basis), so the history cannot be joined.","known_stock":null,"mined_share":null,"replaced":null,"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":110.0,"revised":112.0,"pct":1.8181818181818077,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":110.0,"revised":83.1,"pct":-24.45454545454545,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":83.0,"revised":106.0,"pct":27.710843373493965,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":100.0,"revised":119.0,"pct":18.999999999999993,"basis_change":false}],"peak":null},{"slug":"barite","pages":["barite"],"name":"Barite","group":"industrial","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":null,"reserves":null},"production":{"value":8.7,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production"},"reserves":{"value":402.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":46.206896551724135,"growth_rate":null,"years_growing":null,"mined":null,"skip_reason":"USGS's barite world totals exclude the United States until MCS 2025 and include it after, so the series changes basis.","known_stock":null,"mined_share":null,"replaced":null,"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":7.3,"revised":6.73,"pct":-7.8082191780821875,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":7.9,"revised":8.26,"pct":4.556962025316458,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":8.5,"revised":8.08,"pct":-4.941176470588237,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":8.2,"revised":8.0,"pct":-2.4390243902439046,"basis_change":false}],"peak":null},{"slug":"chromium","pages":["chromium"],"name":"Chromium","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":null,"reserves":null},"production":{"value":51.0,"year":2025,"item":"Mine production (chromite ore)"},"reserves":{"value":1200.0,"year":2024,"statistic":"Reserves: Ore","lower_bound":true},"years_static":23.529411764705884,"growth_rate":null,"years_growing":null,"mined":null,"skip_reason":"The historical series is chromium content; current production and reserves are marketable chromite ore, so the two cannot be added.","known_stock":null,"mined_share":null,"replaced":null,"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":41.0,"revised":0.0422,"pct":-99.89707317073172,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":0.041,"revised":41.9,"pct":102095.12195121951,"basis_change":true},{"year":2023,"first":41.0,"revised":45.2,"pct":10.2439024390244,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":47.0,"revised":49.6,"pct":5.531914893617018,"basis_change":false}],"peak":null},{"slug":"iron-ore","pages":["iron-ore"],"name":"Iron ore","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"billion tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000000.0,"history":{"production":null,"reserves":[[2022,85.0],[2023,87.0],[2024,88.0],[2025,86.739]]},"production":{"value":1.6,"year":2025,"item":"Iron content"},"reserves":{"value":86.739,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves (million metric tons): Iron content","lower_bound":false},"years_static":54.211875,"growth_rate":null,"years_growing":null,"mined":null,"skip_reason":"The historical series counts usable ore; reserves are compared with production as contained iron, so the two cannot be added.","known_stock":null,"mined_share":null,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":85.0,"reserves_now":86.739,"mined":4.76,"net_added":6.499,"pct_of_mined":136.53361344537817,"label_then":"Iron ore - mine production - iron content - thousand metric tons","years_then":55.1948051948052},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":1.6,"revised":1.63,"pct":1.8750000000000044,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":1.6,"revised":1.54,"pct":-3.749999999999998,"basis_change":false},{"year":2023,"first":1.5,"revised":1.56,"pct":4.0000000000000036,"basis_change":true},{"year":2024,"first":1.6,"revised":1.6,"pct":0.0,"basis_change":false}],"peak":null},{"slug":"bauxite","pages":["bauxite"],"name":"Bauxite","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"billion tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000000.0,"history":{"production":null,"reserves":[[2022,31.0],[2023,30.0],[2024,29.0],[2025,29.0]]},"production":{"value":0.44,"year":2025,"item":"Bauxite mine production"},"reserves":{"value":29.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"Bauxite reserves","lower_bound":false},"years_static":65.9090909090909,"growth_rate":null,"years_growing":null,"mined":null,"skip_reason":"USGS's historical statistics have no world bauxite series.","known_stock":null,"mined_share":null,"replaced":{"from_year":2022,"to_year":2025,"reserves_then":31.0,"reserves_now":29.0,"mined":1.306,"net_added":-0.694,"pct_of_mined":-53.13935681470138,"label_then":"Mine production, bauxite","years_then":77.5},"revisions":[{"year":2021,"first":0.39,"revised":0.384,"pct":-1.538461538461533,"basis_change":true},{"year":2022,"first":0.38,"revised":0.4,"pct":5.263157894736836,"basis_change":true},{"year":2023,"first":0.4,"revised":0.438,"pct":9.499999999999996,"basis_change":false},{"year":2024,"first":0.45,"revised":0.428,"pct":-4.8888888888888875,"basis_change":false}],"peak":null},{"slug":"titanium","pages":["titanium"],"name":"Titanium","group":"metals","kind":"mineral","unit":"million tonnes","to_tonnes":1000000.0,"history":{"production":null,"reserves":null},"production":{"value":9.4,"year":2025,"item":"Ilmenite mine production (TiO2 content)"},"reserves":{"value":493.9,"year":2025,"statistic":"Reserves: Ilmenite","lower_bound":false},"years_static":52.54255319148936,"growth_rate":null,"years_growing":null,"mined":null,"skip_reason":"The historical ilmenite series ends in 2020 and the later MCS tables do not report world ilmenite on the same basis.","known_stock":null,"mined_share":null,"replaced":null,"revisions":[],"peak":null},{"slug":"platinum-group-metals","pages":["platinum","palladium"],"name":"Platinum-group metals (platinum and palladium)","group":"precious","kind":"mineral","unit":"tonnes","to_tonnes":1.0,"history":{"production":null,"reserves":null},"production":{"value":361.2,"year":2025,"item":"Platinum mine production + Palladium mine production"},"reserves":{"value":76200.0,"year":2025,"statistic":"PGM reserves","lower_bound":true},"years_static":210.96345514950167,"growth_rate":null,"years_growing":null,"mined":null,"skip_reason":"The historical series counts all platinum-group metals; current production here is platinum plus palladium only, so the two cannot be added.","known_stock":null,"mined_share":null,"replaced":null,"revisions":[],"peak":null}]}